禾本科小麦族三个物种的核型及进化关系分析  

Karyotypes of Three Species in Triticeae of Gramineae and Their Evolutional Relationship.

作　　者：林小虎[1] 李兴锋[1] 王黎明[1] 赵逢涛[1] 王洪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院国家小麦改良中心泰安分中心

出　　处：《中国草地》2005年第2期22-26,42,共6页Grassland of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970458)

摘　　要：首次报道了禾本科小麦族3个物种的核型,二倍体长穗偃麦草2n=2x=14=10m+4sm(2SAT),核型属于2A型;假鹅观草2n=2x=14=8m+6sm(2SAT),核型属于2A型;中间偃麦草2n=6x=42=16m+20sm(4SAT)+6st,核型属于3B型;同时,根据Stebbins的核型进化理论和分支系统学的编序、赋值方法,对核型的4个重要性状进行了分析,结果表明在这3个物种中二倍体长穗偃麦草与假鹅观草进化程度基本一致,而中间偃麦草相对进化程度较高。The karyotypes of three species in Triticeae of Gramineae were as follows: Elytrigia elongatum 2n=2x=14=10m+4sm(2SAT) and Pseudowroegneria strigosa 2n=2x=14=8m+6sm(2SAT) belong to the type of 2A and Elytrigia intermedium 2n=6x=42=16m+20sm(4SAT)+6(ST) belongs to 3B respectively. Furthermore, according to Stebbins’theory of karyotypic evolution as well as using the method of coding of cladistics, four significant characteristics and the evolutional levels of the three species were also affirmed. These results indicated that the evolution degree of Elytrigia elongatum and Pseudowroegneria strigosa were unanimous basically in these three species and Elytrigia intermedium was more advanced than the other two species.

关 键 词：中间偃麦草 长穗偃麦草 假鹅观草 核型 进化 

分 类 号：Q343.21[生物学—遗传学]