超细硼酸锌阻燃剂的制备及其性能研究  

Study on Preparation of Ultrafine Zinc Borate and Its Properties

作　　者：吴志平[1] 舒万艮[1] 胡云楚[2] 熊联明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南林学院工业学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国塑料》2005年第3期83-86,共4页China Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471358);湖南省自然科学基金项目(03JJY3063);湖南省教育厅项目(02C544);株洲市科技局项目;中南林学院青年基金项目(0483)

摘　　要：以硼砂和氯化锌为原料,研究了原料浓度、搅拌速度、乳化剂种类和用量等因素对硼酸锌粒径和粒径分布的影响。通过优化实验,制备了超细硼酸锌,数均平均粒径73nm,比表面积31.5m2/g,90%的粒子在纳米尺度范围。XRD衍射图与采用化学分析测定结果证明产物为低水硼酸锌(2ZnO.3B2O3.3.5H2O),电镜分析表明其晶体形貌为不规则的球形。将超细硼酸锌应用于聚氯乙烯,当硼酸锌用量为树脂质量的10%~30%,成炭率比未阻燃的聚氯乙烯大幅增加。表明超细硼酸锌在提高聚氯乙烯阻燃性的同时有很好的抑烟效果。Ultrafine zinc borate was prepared from Na_2B_4O_710H_2O and ZnCl_2 with optimized conditions like ratio and of concentration raw materials, the stirring speed, and the type and loading of surfactant. Ninety percent of the zinc borate particles are smaller than (100 nm) leading to an average of (73 nm) and a specific surface areas about (31.5 m^2/g.) The XRD and chemical analysis indicated the composition of the product was 2ZnO3B_2O_33.5H_2O, TEM revealed the crystallites were irregular spheres. The ultrafine zinc borate particles was introduced into poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC) as a flame retardant. It showed that a loading between (10 wt %) and (30 wt %) may effectively increase the carbon residue ratio, smoke inhibition and fire resistance of PVC.

关 键 词：超细硼酸锌 粒径 阻燃剂 成炭率 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业]