黄河下游河道悬移质泥沙与床沙交换计算研究  

Study on calculation method about exchanging between suspended load and bed load in the lower reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：赵连军[1] 谈广鸣[1] 韦直林[1] 张红武[2] 江恩惠[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水科学进展》2005年第2期155-163,共9页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50239040)~~

摘　　要：在前人研究成果的基础上,根据挟沙水流任一粒径组泥沙在输移过程中质量守恒原理,建立了一维非恒定挟沙水流悬移质泥沙和床沙交换基本方程;通过引入平衡冲淤物粒径的概念,建立了河床处于淤积与冲刷时冲淤物粒径的计算公式,并提出了一套完整的一维非恒定挟沙水流悬移质泥沙和床沙交换计算方法。将该成果引入黄河下游一维扩展泥沙数学模型中,采用黄河下游1977年高含沙洪水与1999年汛后至2002年汛前冲刷系列进行了验证。结果表明,该方法能较好地模拟悬沙与床沙的交换过程,克服分组挟沙力方法的缺陷,使得非均匀沙计算理论上更加完善,应用上更加方便。According to the quantity conservation principle of any grain sediment during the sediment transportation course, this paper, based on the former research, builds a one-dimensional unsteady sediment-laden flow equation. By introducing the concepts of particle diameter and a balance state of scouring and depositing, this paper sets up a formula about particle diameter of scouring and depositing material and brings forward an integrate method for calculating the suspended load and the bed load exchanging. This method is introduced to one-dimensional expanded sediment numerical model. It is verified by the typical flood in 1977 and the scouring series from the end of flood period in 1999 to its the beginning in 2002. The result shows that this method may preferably simulate the exchanging course between suspended load and bed load. This method gets over the limitation of the former one based on the transferring capacity of grouping sediment, and improves the calculation of the non-uniform sediment in theory and may be more perfect in application.

关 键 词：悬移质泥沙 床沙 泥沙交换 平衡冲淤物粒径 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV142.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]