小麦与彭梯卡偃麦草杂种及其衍生后代的细胞遗传学研究──Ⅱ．来自小麦和彭梯卡（长穗）偃麦草及中间偃麦草杂种后代11个八倍体小偃麦的比较研究  

Cytogenetic Research on Hybrids of Triticum with Thinopyrum ponticum and Their Derivatives──Ⅱ.Comparative Research of 11 Partial Amphiploids Derived from Hybrid Offspring of T. aestivum with both Th.ponticum and Th. intermedium

作　　者：张学勇[1] 董玉琛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物品种资源所

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1994年第4期287-296,共10页

摘　　要：利用染色体配对分析和酯酶及种子醇溶蛋白电泳分析研究了我国育成的１１个八倍体小偃麦，结果表明：（ａ）来源于小麦和中间偃麦草杂交后代的６个部分双二倍体中，中１和中２的偃麦草染色体组不同于中３、中４、中５和小偃７８８２９的偃麦草染色体组；（ｂ）来源于小麦和长穗偃麦草杂交后代的５个部分双二倍体中，小偃７８４的偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃６９３和小偃７６３１中的偃麦草染色体组，表明在长穗偃麦草中有两个互不相同又不同于小麦的染色体组Ｅ和Ｆ，而小偃７４３０和小偃６８中的偃麦草染色体组很可能是Ｅ和Ｆ染色体组的重组体；（ｃ）小偃７８４中的长穗偃麦草染色体组和中５及小偃７８８２９中的中间偃麦草染色体组基本相同，而中２的中间偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃６９３和小偃７６３１中的长穗偃麦草染色体组Ｆ，这意味着在长穗偃麦草和中间偃麦草中可能只有一个共同的染色体组Ｅ。部分双二倍体中酯酶及醇溶蛋白偃麦草染色体特征带的存在和发现，为这些染色体或其片段导入小麦后的鉴定提供了方便。Chromosome pairing analysis in the hybrids of partial amphiploids results in following conclusions. a)Th. intermedium genome in Zhong 1 and Zhong 2 is different from that in Zhong 3, Zhong 4, Zhong 5 as well as 78829 basically. Their genomic components are possibly ABDX and ABDE respectively. b)In amphiploids derived from T. aestivum×Th. ponticum, Xiaoyan 784 is a basic types which has ABDE as its genome component, Xiaoyan 693 and 7631 are another basic type which have ABDF as their genome components. But Xiaoyan 68 and 7430 are the intermediate of the above two typical amphiploid.c)Th. ponticum genome in Xiaoyan 784 is almost the same as the Th. intermedium genome in both Zhong 5 and Xiaoyan 78829. But the Th. intermedium in amphiploid Zhong 2 1s different from Th. ponticum genome in Xiaoyan 693 and 763 1. This indicates that Th. ponticum and Th. intermedium have only a common genome E, which is possiblly originated from Th. elongatum (E, 2n=14).All of above conclusions have been further supported by electrophoresis of seed gliadins and isoelectric forcusing of endosperm esterase of the partial amphiploids and their perennial parents. Existance and find of Thinopyrum genome specific bands of esterase and gliadins in the partial amphiploids make it convenient for the wheatgrass chromosomes or their segments to be located in wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 彭梯卡偃麦草 中间偃麦草 

分 类 号：S512.103.2[农业科学—作物学]