水热催化裂解对超稠油组成的影响  

Effects of Aquathermolysis on Heavy Oil Components

作　　者：郑延成[1] 李克华[2] 苑权[2] 岳晓云[1] 冯兴武[3] 赵长喜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院石油采收率研究所,北京100083 [2]长江大学化学化工学院,湖北荆州434023 [3]河南油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,河南南阳473132

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2005年第2期57-59,共3页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

摘　　要：在稠油热采中,不但稠油物理性质发生变化,而且会发生水热裂解化学反应。为使裂解反应更有利于降低稠油粘度,达到提高稠油开采率的目的,选取了7种金属氯化物或有机络合物在200℃和240℃下对南阳稠油进行催化裂解反应,测试反应产物的粘度、族组成和碳数分布以评价催化剂的催化性能。实验结果表明,所选金属化合物都有不同程度的催化作用,200℃下CA3(Fe3+)具有较好的催化裂解性能,当化合物质量分数在0.2%时,产物<C25组分含量比仅用蒸汽处理的要高出4.8%左右,沥青质和胶质含量下降9%左右,催化后脱气稠油粘度下降37%。当温度提高到240℃时则表现出明显的缩合催化作用,沥青质含量增加;此时CA5(Zn2+与Sn2+)催化性能好,产物碳数分布<C25组分达到38%以上,比其它催化剂要高出2%-5%,而且沥青质和胶质含量也有较大程度的下降。Usually a steam-displacement process is used to recover heavy oil, in order to enhance oil greatly, several metal chloride or organic chelant were choosed as catalyst to crack heavy oil in the present of steam. The effect of catalysts on the distribution of carbon number and SARA compositions of product were investigated under the temperature from 200℃to 240℃ in16hr. The result showed that these compounds were catalytic active for the aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil. Chemical changes were observed in the isolated bitumen fractions include asphaltene and resin reduction, both of which affect the viscosity of the oil . Fe3+ has good active, composition mount of carbon number<C25 was more 4. 8% than that of steam only at addition of 0. 2% (w/w) over 200, asphaltene and resin less about 9% . While at much more higher temperature it showed some condensation ability . Under such conditions, the CA5, composed of Zn2+ /Sn2+ had better catalytic active than others.

关 键 词：稠油 热采 裂解 催化 缩合反应 降粘 

分 类 号：TE133.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]