金沙江干热河谷种子植物区系特征的初探  

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLORISTIC CHARACTERIS-TICS OF SEED PLANTS IN THE DRY-HOT RIVER VALLEY OF JINSHAJIANG

作　　者：金振洲 欧晓昆[1] 区普定 陈洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所

出　　处：《云南植物研究》1994年第1期1-16,共16页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：研究涉及金沙江云南境内的干热河谷和干暖河谷的种子植物区系。建立名录共９２０种，有野生植物７４８种。这７４８种，分属于１１１科，４２７属。４２７属的分布区类型的格局为：１－４４，２－１２７，３－１０，４－３９，５－１３，６－３７，７－２９，８－４７，９－１２，１０－２５，１１－３，１２－７，１３－１，１４－２０，１５－１３．在７４８种中，三江（金沙江、元江、怒江）干热河谷共有的标志植物７３种，金沙江的标志植物１５６种，它们是研究区系特征的基础。经分析，本区植物区系有以下特征：（１）属、种均以热带成分为主，热带属占６６．５８％，种的热带成分更多，均交错少数温带成分；（２）三江干热河谷共同标志植物中，多数是优势种或常见种，例如Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｏｇｏｎｃｏｎｔｏｒｔｕｓ．Ｂｏｍｂａｘｃｅｌｂａ，Ｐｈｙｌｌａｎｔｈｕｓｅｍｂｌｉｃａ，Ｅｕｐｈｏｒｂｉａｒｏｙｌｅａｎａ，Ｔｒｉｂｕｌｕｓｔｅｒｒｅｓｔｒｉｓ等，地区特有成分则少，如Ｔｅｒｍｉｎａｌｉａｆｒａｎｃｈｅｔｉｉ，Ａｎｄｒｏｐｏｇｏｎｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ；（３）滇北、川西南河谷特有成分则较多、如Ｃｙｃａｓｐａｎｚｈｉｈｕａｅｎｓｉｓ，Ｎｏｕｅｌｉａｉｎｓｉｇｎｉ?study deals with the flora of seed plants in dry-hot and dry-warm river valley of Jinshajiang(Jinsha River)Within Yunnan and a part of Sichuan. A list of names with plant fami- lies 111,genera 427,species 748(wild,except cuItivated 172) has been established,both including variaties and forms.The number pattern of generic areal-types for this region was summarized as:1-44,2-127,3-10,4-39.5-13,6-37,7-29,8-47,9-12,10-25,11-3, 12-7, 13-1, 14-20, 15-13.In 748 species,73 ones to be selected as the common character species of three river valleys(Jinshajiang,Yuanjiang,Nujiang)and 156 ones of Jinshajiang only are the basical data of this study.Through analyses,the floristic characteristics of Jinshajiang river region are:(1)mainly the tropical elements both in genera or in species,the tropical genera 66.58%, more the species and some mixed temperate elements;(2)in three river valleys the character species always being domi-nant ones or frequent ones,such as Heleropogon contortus. Bombax celba etc.,less so the local endemic species,such as Terminalia franchetii, Andropogon yunnanensis etc. ;(3)more the endemic species of dry river valley for North Yunnan and West Sichuan, such as Cycas panzhihuaensis,Nouelia insignis,Aristotochia delavayi etc. , mostly occasional or rare in distribution;(4)also more the endemic species for Yunnan,such as Delayaya yunnanensis,Crolon yunnanensis Munronia delavayi etc.;(5) a few non-endemic but very rare and special species in Jinshajiang valley,such as Heteropogon nlelanocarpus,Dinebra retrofiexa etc.Based on this analyses,the floristic charac teristics of this region are concluded as follows:(1)the tropical origin and the modern mixed dis-tribution:(2) a few Tethyon descendant elements;(3) the relationship with modern Africa and South Asia;(4) the relationship with North China:(5)the distinct endemics with complex origin.

关 键 词：金沙江 种子模特 植物区系 

分 类 号：Q949.408[生物学—植物学]