聚氨酯/纳米SiO_2原位复合互贯网络材料研究  

Polyurethane /SiO_2 Nano-composite and Its IPNs Prepared by in situ Polymerization

作　　者：邬润德[1] 童筱莉[1] 费正新[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学化工与材料学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2005年第4期27-30,共4页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(2002-502111)

摘　　要：用原位聚合的方法制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/纳米SiO2复合物,研究了各因素对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:当纳米SiO2的质量分数为2%时,PUR/SiO2纳米复合材料的综合力学性能最佳,与纯PUR相比,抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高了160%和10%。加入分散剂CH-10B,纳米复合材料的抗拉强度和伸长率分别比未加分散剂时提高了50%和5%。复合材料的玻璃化温度向高温方向偏移了7℃。复合材料中团聚的纳米SiO2粒子被部分分散,但分散状况随着其含量的增大而变差。PU和PS的二组分互贯聚合物网络(IPNs)材料通过同时聚合反应被制备,当苯乙烯含量为40%时,该IPNs材料力学性能有进一步的提高。Polyurethane/silica (PU/SiO2) nanocomposits were prepared via in situ polymerization, and the effects of nanoparticles on the properties of the composites were studied. The results show that PU nanocomposite with 2wt% SiO2 exhibited the best overall mechanical properties. The tensile strength and elongation at break increased 160% and 10% respectively than those of pure PU. With the add of dispersant CH-10B, the tensile strength and elongation at break of PU/SiO2 nano-composites increased 50% and 5% respectively than those without any dispersant. The glass transition temperature of the composits increased 7℃. The nano-SiO2 aggregates were partly dispersed into nano-particles. However, the state of the dispersion became worse as the nano-SiO2 filler content increased. Two component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of polyurethane (PU) and polystyrene (PS) were prepared by simultaneous polymerization. The tensile strength of PU/PS IPNs material had been further improved as 40wt% styrene was added into the reacting system of PU raw materials.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 纳米SIO2 复合材料 互贯聚合物网络 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]