十二种沫蝉的染色体研究(同翅目:沫蝉总科)  

Meioses in twelve species of Cercopoidea (Insecta: Homoptera) from China

作　　者：田润刚[1] 张雅林[2] 袁锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生物系,浙江绍兴312000 [2]西北农林科技大学植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2005年第2期310-313,共4页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家教育部霍英东基金项目

摘　　要：观察了同翅目头喙亚目12种沫蝉雄性的染色体数目和减数分裂行为。通过对沫蝉总科现有核型资料的分析, 认为沫蝉总科的核型特点是: ①染色体较小, 数目较多, 总科内染色体数目变化范围较大, 众数为2n=26 (24+XO); ②染色体的易位现象极为普遍, 因此可以推测, 通过染色体的易位导致染色体数目增加是核型进化的主要机制; ③减数分裂前期Ⅰ具有典型的花束期, 但没有弥散期。因此从精子发生来看沫蝉总科与叶蝉总科、角蝉总科和蝉总科的关系更为密切, 而与蜡蝉总科的关系较远。头喙亚目的亲缘关系可能是: 蜡蝉总科+ {蝉总科+ [沫蝉总科+ (叶蝉总科+角蝉总科)] }。Meioses in twelve species of Chinese spittle bugs were studied. The results indicated that their chromosome numbers are varied from 2n=16 to 30, and sex determination are all XO type. Karyotype characteristics of Cercopoidea are that: (1) Chromosome volumes are small, chromosome numbers are much varied, most species have higher chromosome numbers, and the predominant type is 2n=26(24+XO). (2) Translocation occurs very frequently. Fragmentation induced by translocation to increase chromosome numbers may be the main mechanism of karyotype evolution in this superfamily. (3) Prophase Ⅰ during meiosis has typical bouquet stage but without diffuse stage, similar to Cicadelloidea, Membracoidea and Cicadoidea, but different from Fulgoroidea. The relationship of superfamilies in Auchenorrhyncha may be Fulgoroidea +{Cicadoidea+[Cercopoidea+(Cicadelloidea+Membracoidea)] }.

关 键 词：同翅目 沫蝉总科 染色体 减数分裂 核型 

分 类 号：Q969.36[生物学—昆虫学]