重型颅脑损伤和术后中枢性低钠血症及相关激素的分泌异常  

Central hyponatremia and abnormal hormone secretion in patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury or after neurosurgical operation

作　　者：陆永建[1] 李明昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第二附属医院神经外科,广州510260

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2005年第4期424-426,共3页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

摘　　要：中枢性低钠血症和相关激素的分泌异常是急性重型颅脑损伤和神经外科术后患者常见的并发症,二者能加重病情的危重程度,增加死亡率。中枢性低钠血症主要分为抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征和脑性盐耗综合征两种。二者临床表现相似,但由于病因不同,因而诊断和治疗原则上存在明显的区别,正确的诊断和治疗对于患者的预后具有重要意义。异常分泌的激素包括胰岛素、甲状腺激素、皮质激素、性腺激素等,临床上可以通过激素的异常分泌水平对患者的预后作出判断,同时可以据此作出正确的治疗。As the most common complications in patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury or after neurosurgical operation, central hyponatremia and abnormal hormone secretion can deteriorate the condition and increase the mortality. Central hyponatremia includes syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS). Though SIADH and CSWS are somewhat similar in the clinical characters, the diagnosis and treatment are different because of the respective distinct etiopathogenisis. Moreover, traumatic brain injury and operation may result in the disorders in hormones such as insulin, cortisol, hormone of thyroid and gonad, which can be indicative for the estimation of the the patients' prognosis and consequently help us to manage them correctly.

关 键 词：中枢性低钠血症 分泌异常 相关激素 急性重型颅脑损伤 抗利尿激素分泌 诊断和治疗 甲状腺激素 术后患者 神经外科 危重程度 临床表现 治疗原则 重要意义 异常分泌 皮质激素 性腺激素 分泌水平 并发症 死亡率 综合征 胰岛素 

分 类 号：R651.1[医药卫生—外科学]