布朗李炭疽病菌生物学特性研究  

Biological Characteristics of the Pathogenic Fungus Causing anthracnose of Prunus Americana

作　　者：邓先琼[1] 郭立中[1] 杨修立[1] 张天晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2005年第4期272-275,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(03JTY2010)

摘　　要：对布朗李炭疽病菌[Glomerellacingulata(Stonem)SpauldingetSchrenk]生物学特性研究表明:该菌菌丝生长与子囊果和子囊孢子形成最佳培养基为PSA+1‰酵母膏。病菌能有效地利用各种碳源,氮源以脯氨酸最好。菌丝生长的温度范围为15-30℃,最适为20-25℃;pH值范围为2-11,最适pH6-8。子囊果和子囊孢子形成最适温度和最适pH值分别为25℃和7-8。分生孢子形成和萌发最适温度分别为25-30℃和20-30℃;最适pH值分别为6-8和7-9。分生孢子在饱和湿度或水滴中萌发率最高。布朗李杆煎汁和布朗李果汁对孢子萌发有促进作用。光照处理对该病菌的生长发育无显著影响。The biological characteristics of Glomerella cingulata [Colletotrichum gloeosporioides],causes of anthracnose of Prunus americana, were investigated under in vitro conditions.The results indicated that one of optimum media for Glomerella cingulata growth and development was PSA plus 1 veast extract. Among the tested carbon and nitrogen source,carbon had no selective effect on the growth and devepment of G.cingulata,,but proline was better as nitrogen source.For the mycelial growth of G. cingulata,the range of temperature was 15℃-30℃,the optimum being 20℃-25℃,and the range of pH was 2 -11,the optimum being 6 -8.The optimu temperature and pH for the formation of ascocarps and ascospores was 25℃ and 7 - 8,respectively.The optimum temperature for the sporulation and conidial germination was 25℃-10℃ and 20℃-30℃,respectively, and the optimum pH was 6 -8 and 7-9, respectively.When relative humidity reached 100% or in water,the percentage of conidial germination was highest. The stem tissues extract and fruit juice of prunus americana could promote the conidial germination.The treatment with various lighting did not have significant effect on the mycelial growth, sporulation or conidial germination.

关 键 词：特性研究 布朗李 病菌生物学 最适PH值 孢子形成 菌丝生长 最适温度 最佳培养基 炭疽病菌 温度范围 分生孢子 孢子萌发 生长发育 光照处理 子囊果 酵母膏 脯氨酸 萌发率 氮源 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学] S436.629[农业科学—园艺学]