电流型探测器单粒子灵敏度标定的原理及应用  

Principle and application of sensitivity calibration by single particle for current detector

作　　者：宋朝晖[1] 阮锡超[2] 代秋声[1] 王奎禄[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024 [2]中国原子能科学研究院核物理研究所,北京102413

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2005年第3期453-456,共4页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：西北核技术研究所基金资助课题(550101Z05)

摘　　要：采用电荷模数转换记录单个脉冲电荷的方法,标定了单能射线在电流型闪烁探测器中产生的平均电流,从而得到其灵敏度。标定结果与传统的电流法在±8%的范围内一致。该标定方法准确度高,扣除本底容易,对标定源的强度要求也大大降低。加上飞行时间法,还可对粒子进行甄别,能在中子γ射线混合场中将中子和γ射线的电荷贡献分开,得到探测器对每种射线单独的灵敏度。该方法适用于在单个脉冲电荷信噪比较高的场合下标定脉冲电流型探测器。A method adopting the charge analog digital conversion technique to calibrate a current scintillation detector is described. Each pulse charge produced by a single particle is collected and recorded. Calculating the mean current, the sensitivity of the detector is measured. The results agree with the measurement presented by the traditional direct current method within ±8%. This new method can get higher accuracy, subtract background easily and it does not depend on the intensity of the radiation source. By applying time-of-flight method, it is capable of particle discrimination. It can separate the pulse charge produced by neutron from that produced by gamma in a neutron-gamma mixed field. The sensitivity of current detector to each type of particle can be measured separately. This method is appropriate to calibrate the sensitivity of the pulse current detector when the single charge pulse has high signal-to-noise ratio.

关 键 词：电流型探测器 灵敏度标定 电荷模数转换 飞行时间法 闪烁体 

分 类 号：TL81[核科学技术—核技术及应用]