医院感染危险因素病例对照研究  

The case-control study on risk factors for nosocomial infection

作　　者：许能锋[1] 李阳[2] 陈娟娟[1] 徐文体[1] 王晓欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350004 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2005年第2期127-130,共4页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的　探讨医院感染危险因素。方法　随机抽取在住院期间发生医院感染的患者和未感染的患者作为病例组与对照组,进行1∶2配比的病例对照研究。单因素分析采用χ2 检验,多因素分析采用条件logistic多元回归。结果　经单因素χ2 分析发现,住院总天数、接受介入性诊疗、感染前使用抗菌药物及使用种数等与医院感染有关;条件logistic回归分析筛选出感染前接受介入性诊疗和使用抗菌药物是医院感染的主要危险因素;趋势χ2 分析发现感染前使用抗菌药物的种数与医院感染之间存在等级效应关系,随着使用种数的增加发生医院感染的风险增大。结论　有指征地使用抗菌药物,规范执行介入性诊疗,将有利于预防和控制医院感染的发生。Objective To evaluate the risk factors for nosocomial infection (NI). Methods A case-control study was conducted on inpatients who were selected randomly in a hospital. The case group was the patients who had suffered from NI, the control group was those who had not suffered from NI. Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression had been used for monovariate and multivariate analysis respectively. Results The one-way Chi-square test showed that NI was significantly associated with antimicrobial application before NI, duration of hospitalization, invasive treatment. The conditional logistic regression analysis showed invasive therapy and antimicrobials application before NI were main risk factors for NI. The tendency Chi-squeare test showed that the more kinds of antimicrobial used by patients before infection, the greater the risk of the NI would develop. Conclusion Using antimicrobial rationally and avoiding the invasive treatment are helpful for the control and prevention of NI.

关 键 词：医院感染 危险因素 抗菌药物 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]