山东省枣庄市支气管哮喘患病情况调查及相关因素分析  

Study on prevalence and correlation factors of bronchial asthma in Zaozhuang area, Shandong province

作　　者：张守贞 席强 孔维顺 李子洪 孔祥太 孔令宇 钱爱华 李家岭 

机构地区：[1]山东省枣庄市王开传染病医院,滕州277500

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2005年第4期273-276,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的调查枣庄市2003年哮喘患病率及相关因素。方法采取分层随机整群抽样调查的方法,选择6个点,抽样人口16725人,应检15834人,实检10610人。结果调查检出支气管哮喘患者128例,全市总患病率为1.21%,儿童患病率为2.02%,成人患病率为0.90%,儿童患病率明显高于成人患病率(χ2=21.39,P<0.01)。男女患病率分别为1.08%、1.32%,男女比为1∶1.22。儿童哮喘首次发病年龄7岁前占77.97%,成人哮喘15岁前首次发病者占36.23%。相关因素分析显示,上呼吸道感染(OR=17.81,95%CI12.25～25.89)、冷空气刺激(OR=3.43,95%CI2.41～4.90)、油烟及刺激性气体(OR=2.56,95%CI1.80～3.63)、吸入变应原(OR=2.74,95%CI1.80～4.17)为主要诱因;哮喘患者有过敏史者65.63%(OR=21.69),有哮喘家族史者25.78%(OR=73.96)。结论调查获得了枣庄市哮喘患病率和相关因素,儿童哮喘患病率明显高于成人;全部患者在儿童期首次发病约占2/3;因此,应在儿童期进行哮喘筛查诊断,并给予早期干预。Objective To study the prevalence of asthma and its correlated factors in Zaozhuang area in 2003, to provide a basic consideration for prevention/treatment and control policy. Methods 6 points were selected by stratified-clusterd-random sampling with a total of 16 725 persons expected, but only 10 610 subjects investigated. Results In this survey, 128 asthma cases were identified with a overall prevalence of 1.21 %. The prevalence for children was 2.02 %, and for adult was 0.90 % with the former significantly higher then the latter( χ2= 21.39, P< 0.01 ). Rates for male and female were 1.08 %, 1.32 % with a ratio of 1∶1.22 . For 77.97 % of children with asthma. The initiative age of asthma was before 7 years old among children while among 36.23 % of the adults, it was before 15 years of age. Correlation analysis showed that upper respiratory tract infection( OR= 17.81 , 95%CI: 12.25- 25.89 ), cold air exposure( OR= 3.43 , 95%CI: 2.41- 4.90 ), stimulation through cooking and by harmful gases( OR= 2.56 , 95%CI: 1.80- 3.63 ), allergic materials( OR= 2.74 , 95%CI: 1.80- 4.17 ) were main inducing factors. 65.63 % of the asthma cases having had history of allergic disease while 25.78 % having had family history with the OR of allergic history and family history as 21.69 vs. 73.96 . Conclusion The epidemic status of bronchial asthma was serious,with an assumption that asthma cases might have reached the number of 43 thousand in Zaozhuang area.

关 键 词：相关因素分析 患病情况调查 枣庄市 支气管哮喘 山东省 整群抽样调查 上呼吸道感染 患病率 哮喘患者 儿童哮喘 2003年 刺激性气体 吸入变应原 结果调查 发病年龄 成人哮喘 首次发病 筛查诊断 早期干预 儿童期 CI 冷空气 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]