政府的责任与出行者的权利——略论道路交通信息服务中的普遍服务  

Responsibilities of Government and Rights of Travelers —— Brief discussion on universal service in traffic information service

作　　者：王笑京 

机构地区：[1]国家智能交通系统工程技术研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2005年第2期16-21,共6页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：十五国家科技攻关项目"智能交通系统发展战略和标准规范研究"(2 0 0 2 BA40 4A2 5 )

摘　　要：国内外的普遍服务政策中存在许多重要的理论和实践问题.普遍服务政策实际上是一个经济与社会发展问题.本文选择了道路交通中的信息服务的几个方面,讨论了在我国当前发展水平下,如何对大多数出行者进行服务和有关政策问题.文中首先对道路交通信息服务进行了界定,简要介绍了国内城乡道路交通信息服务的状况和存在的问题,然后就道路交通信息服务的发展与普遍服务展开了讨论.通过国内外经济发展和道路交通情况的对比,得出了目前我国道路交通发展水平基本相当于发达国家2 0世纪60年代末到70年代的判断.由此提出:由于我国道路交通和运输仍然处在初期,这使得我国在信息化浪潮中面临着“数字鸿沟”和用信息化带动工业化的矛盾;但是民众的出行效率和方便程度是政府的责任,民众有权要求得到方便和便宜的道路交通信息服务.因此,政府在设计和安排道路交通信息系统时,应本着实事求是和执政为民的原则,将主要注意力集中到为大众服务的领域.为乘坐公共交通工具的出行者提供价格低廉的,甚至是免费的信息服务.最后从发展是一个动态过程的角度出发,提出应该辩证地看待不同的利益和效率,处理好先走一步和公平的问题.Many important theoretical and practical problems have been existing in domestic and foreign universal service policies. Universal service policy in essence belongs to economical and social domain. Choosing several aspects of traffic information service, this paper discusses how to serve most travelers and draw up related policies at the current development level in China. Firstly traffic information service is defined, and then the current state and problems of traffic information service in China are briefly presented. At last, how to develop traffic information service and solve the problems related to universal service are discussed. By comparing economic development and road traffic situations home and abroad, it can be concluded that the level of current road traffic development in China is similar to that of late 1960's to 1970's in developed countries. Based on this conclusion, the viewpoint is put forward that the development of road traffic and transport in China is still at its early stage, which leads to the contradiction between 'digital gap' and the tendency of informationization leading industrialization in the informationization tide. However, it is the government's responsibility to improve public travel efficiency and conveniences, and people have rights to require more convenient and cheaper traffic information service. Therefore, when designing and planning road traffic information systems, the government, in compliance with the principles of being practical and realistic' and 'governance for people', should concentrate on serving the public and providing public transit travelers with cheaper or even free information service. In the end, from the viewpoint that development is a dynamical process, this paper suggests that different benefits and efficiencies should be treated in a dialectic way, and priority and justice should be balanced well.

关 键 词：交通信息服务 普遍服务 出行者 政府 责任 20世纪60年代 道路交通 权利 交通信息系统 公共交通工具 发展水平 发展问题 城乡道路 经济发展 发达国家 数字鸿沟 执政为民 实事求是 动态过程 国内外 信息化 政策 工业化 注意力 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F632.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]