云南高原湖泊放线菌区系及资源的研究  

STUDIES ON ACTINOMYCETE FLORA AND RESOURCES IN THE PLATEAU LAKES IN YUNNAN

作　　者：姜成林 徐丽华 

机构地区：[1]云南省微生物研究所

出　　处：《微生物学报》1989年第1期7-14,共8页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金~~

摘　　要：1983—1987年从云南高原的滇池等12个湖泊采集底泥和水样,用不同方法从中分离了放线菌,同时筛选了产生纤维蛋白溶酶等的菌株,结果如下: 1.放线菌的数量和组成与湖泊的理化特性有关。 2.在12个湖泊的底泥样品中,小单孢菌占有明显优势。这是湖泊放线菌区系的一个显著特点。 3.杞麓湖、异龙湖、大屯海的放线菌总数达2991—3542×10~3/g干土。 4.从这些湖泊分离到马杜拉放线菌,小多孢菌,小四孢菌,糖单孢菌,糖多孢菌。这在有关淡水湖泊放线菌的研究中还未报道过。还发现了以下新种:暗绿小单孢菌,云南糖单孢菌,黄攻瑰小四孢菌,程海马杜拉放线菌,绿黄马杜拉放线菌。 5.放线菌在湖内甲壳素、纤维素及某些有毒物质的降解中起显著的作用。 6.湖生放线菌是各种有用产品(如纤维蛋白溶酶等)的一个来源。During the period of 1983 to 1987 mud and water samples were collected from 12 larger lakes on the Yunnan Plateau. The actinomycetes in both sediment and water samples were investigated. Strains producing metabolites were screened by various procedures. The results are as follow: 1. The number and composition of actinomycetes in a lake were found to have relation to the physical and chemical features of the water-body. On the basis of the number and generic diversity of actinomycetes, lakes were thus divided into four groups. 2. Micromonospora occupied a notable domonance in benthic samples taken from all 12 lakes. This is a conspicuous characteristics of actinomycete flora in these lakes. 3. The population of actinomycetes in Lakes Qilu, Yilong and Datun ranges from 2991 to 3542×10~3/g dry wt, of mud. 4. Strains of Actinomadura, Microtetraspora, Micropolyspora, Saccharomonospora and Saccharopolyspora were isolated. These genera were not previously reported in similar studies abroad. In addition, five species were considered to be new to science: Micromonospora phaeovirida Jiang et Xu, 1985 Saccharomonospora yunnanensis Jiang et Xu, 1985 Microtetraspora flavorosea Jiang et Xu, 1986 Actinomadura chenghaiensis Jiang et Xu, 1986 Actinomadura viridoflava Jiang et Xu, 1986 5. Studies indicate that actinomycetes possibly play an important role in the decomposition of chitin, cellulose and some toxic substances in lakes. 6. As freshwater resources, actinomycetes produce various useful metabolites such as fibrinotysine, and milk-clotting enzyme.

关 键 词：放线菌区系 放线菌资源 高源湖泊 

分 类 号：Q939.132[生物学—微生物学]