对处理不同废水的几种厌氧消化器生物量中优势产甲烷菌的观察  

OBSERVATIONS OF PREDOMINANT METHANOGENS ON BIOMASS FROM AF, ABR, AND UASB REACTORS TREATING DIFFERENT WASTEWATERS

作　　者：杨秀山 Andrea Tilche 

机构地区：[1]北京师范学院生物系 [2]核能和可选择能源委员会

出　　处：《微生物学报》1989年第2期145-148,共4页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：近年来,人们对城市废水、工业废水和农业废物的厌氧消化产生极大的兴趣。厌氧消化不仅是减少有机物污染的便利方法,而且在此处理系统中能得到正的能量平衡。厌氧消化器中的生物量一般由四个主要细菌类群组成。有机物完全有效地转化为甲烷,需要这些细菌的相互代谢作用。否则,即引起甲烷产率的降低,甚至整个厌氧消化过程遭到失败。在对厌氧消化的微生物学研究中,产甲烷菌(methanogens)更加引起研究者的注意。这不仅因为此类菌是有机物甲烷化过程中的最后一组成员,而且它们生长缓慢、底物要求苛刻,因此在发酵器内保留足够量的产甲烷菌是厌氧处理过程正常进行的关键。The biomass taken from AF, ABR, and UASB digesters treating municipal wastewater, swine waste and molassese stillage wastewater, municipal and molassese stillage wastewater respectively, were observed by light, epifluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope The prevalent methanogens in these digesters were Methanothrix. Exception for ABR carried out to treat swine waste, Methanosarcina with three forms of aggregations, cysts, and granules were presented in other digesters. A suggestion can be made that reactors with packing materials, such as, anaerobic filters, anaerobic contact beds and two-phase methanation digesters can be used to accumulate Methanosarcina due to their morphological, μ max, and Ks characteristics, in order to increase the wastewater treatment efficiency further.

关 键 词：产甲烷菌 厌氧消化器 生物量 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]