弱智学校学生智力低下病因调查  

Investigation on etiology of students in special education schools

作　　者：张欣[1] 季成叶[1] 赵德才[1] 孙军玲[1] 李勇[1] 席薇[2] 苗汝娟[2] 康静[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100083 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2005年第4期480-481,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家 973重大攻关课题资助 (2 0 0 1CB51 0 31 0 )

摘　　要：目的　了解天津市内启智学校学生智力低下的主要病因 ,以探索其干预康复措施。方法　对启智学校的 4 19名学生家长进行问卷调查及各启智学校学生病例登记调查 ,了解造成智力低下的原因及影响因素。结果　与智力低下学生有关的疾病中 ,前 5位病因为脑部疾病、新生儿窒息、先天愚型、孤独症、先天畸形。有 39. 6 %智力低下学生的致病原因不明。可能影响疾病发生的因素有 :发现智力低下时间、母孕年龄、产伤。结论　减少智力低下患儿的根本是提高医疗水平、诊断水平和预防保健水平。Objective To investigate the etiological factors of students with mental retardation in Tianjin,and to find out preventive measures.Methods All of the 419 student's parents in the especial education schools of Tianjin were investigated.Parents completed the questionnaire about the reasons and influencing factors of mental retardation.Results The first five rank diseases were relation to mental retardation.They were cerebrum diseases,apnoea neonatorum,Down's syndrome,autism,congenital deformity,39% of students were unkown etiology.The influencing factors had the first time of finding mental retardation,the age of the pregnant mother and birth injury.Conclusion The fundamental way to decrease the occurrence of MR was the high level of diagnosis,medical treatment and effectual prevention.

关 键 词：智力低下 病因学 特殊教育学校 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R749.93[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]