中国滑坡崩塌危险性区划  

Landslide and Rock Fall Hazard Zonation in China

作　　者：刘仁志[1] 倪晋仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2005年第1期9-18,共10页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会与水利部联合资助重大基金项目(批准号59890200)

摘　　要：中国滑坡、崩塌灾害日趋严重,对这两种突发性泥沙灾害进行危险性区划具有重要意义.根据滑坡崩塌发生机理选择危险度的基本指标,建立了基于县市行政区的形成条件数据库和重大灾害数据库.采用突发性泥沙灾害危险性快速区划方法将中国分为高危险度区、较高危险度区、中危险度区、较低危险度区和低危险度区.通过图形的叠加计算,对区划结果与形成条件分布的相关性进行分析.同时采用重大历史灾害分布统计,直接验证了快速区划方法的可靠性.Landslide and rock fall are two other severe abrupt sediment hazards, zonation of which is more important since both disasters drastically increase in China in past two decades. A county and city based database, involving of landslide and rock fall causative conditions and their major historical events, is built for their hazard zonation according to basic hazard indexes. With the database, the landslide and rock fall hazard zonation for China is accomplished using a rapid ASHZ (abrupt sediment hazard zonation) approach similar to that described for debris flow hazard zonation in a companion paper. The entire plan area of China is zoned into five kinds of regions, classified in terms of different degrees of hazard; i.e. very high, high, medium, low and very low. The relevancy of zonation results and causative conditions is proved by high level of agreement and low level of complete disagreement calculated from overlaying maps. The reliability of zonation results is also directly confirmed by comparing hazard zonation map with major occurrences map and calculating the percentage of and density of landslides and rock falls within each hazard class.

关 键 词：滑坡崩塌 中国 区划方法 危险度 灾害危险性 灾害数据库 崩塌灾害 基本指标 发生机理 泥沙灾害 形成条件 叠加计算 分布统计 历史灾害 条件分布 突发性 行政区 相关性 可靠性 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]