葱属根茎组8种植物的染色体数目和核型报道  

A CHROMOSOMAL STUDY OF EIGHT SPECIES IN ALLIUM SECT.RHIZIRIDIUM G. DON IN CHINA

作　　者：图力古尔[1] 赵毓棠[2] 许介眉[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [2]东北师范大学生物系,长春130024 [3]四川大学生物系,成都610064

出　　处：《植物分类学报》1994年第2期165-172,共8页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文对国产葱属根茎组的8种植物进行了染色体研究,发现染色体数目2n=16或32,核型属2A或2B型,对称性较高。其染色体数目和核型分别为:Allium leucocephalum 2n(2x)=16=12m+2sm+2st(2SAT);A.strictum 2n(4x)=32=16m+4sm+12st;A.ramosum 2n(2x)=16=14m+2st(2SAT);A.bidentatum 2n(4x)=32=24m+4sm+4T;A.tenuissimum 2n(2x)=16=10m+4sm+2st(2SAT);A.anisopodium 2n(2x)=16=12m+2sm+2st(2SAT);A.anisopoditum var.zimmermanni-anum 2n(4x)=32=24m+4sm+4st(4SAT);A.condensatum 2n(2x)=16=14m+2st(2SAT)。多数种的染色体资料为国内首次报道。The present paper reports the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of eight species of Sect. Rhiziridium in Allium (Liaceae). The materials were all collected from their natural populations in east Inner Mongolia, China. The karyotype analysis is made on the basis of Li et al. (1985). The results are as follows (for chromosomes parameters, voucher specimens and localities, see Table 1 and Plate 1-2 the idibgrams of the eight species in Fig. 1): (1) Allium leucocephalum Turcz. The somatic chromosome number and karyotype of this species is 2n=16 = 12m+2sm + 2st (2SAT) , in Stebbins' (1971) karyotype classification , which belongs to 2A (Plate 1:1; Fig. 1:1). The range of chromosome relative length varies between 8. 90-15. 55%. Two small satellites are attached to the short arms of the 8th pair of chromosomes. (2) A strktum Schrader has 2n (4x) =32 = 16m+4sm + 12st, belonging to 2B (Plate 1:2 &- Fig. 1:2). Satellites were not observed, and the range of chromosome relative length is between 3-67-11.00%. (3) A. ramosum'L. 2n=16 = 14m+ 2st (2SAT) , belonging to 2A (Plate 1: 3 &- Fig. 1: 3) , Two small satellies are attached to the short arms of the 8th pair of chromosomes. The range of chromosome relative length is between 9. 17-16- 39%. The chromosome number and karyotype of this species are in accordance with those reported by Li et al. (1982) with the material from Jinshan, Beijing. (4) 'A bidentatum Fisch. ex Prokh. 2n (4x) = 32 = 24m+ 4sm-f-4T, belonging to 2B (Plate 1: 4 &- Fig. 1; 4). Satellites were not observed. A small median B-chromosome was found in root-tip cells of the population growing in sandy soil, and it is the first discovery (Plate 2: 9). The species has terminal chromosomes, which are seldom seen in Sect. Rhiziridium. The range of chromosome relative length is between 3. 32-9. 06%. (5) A. tenuissimum L. 2n = 16 = 10m+4sm4-2st(2SAT), belonging to 2B(Plate 1:5 &. Fig. 1:5). Two large satellites are attached to the short arms of the 8th pair of chromosome. The range of chromosome relative lengt

关 键 词：葱属 根茎组 中国 染色体组型 

分 类 号：Q949.718.2[生物学—植物学]