废弃鸡毛化学降解工艺研究  

Technology for chemical degradation of chicken feathers.

作　　者：穆杰[1] 徐阳春[1] 沈其荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2005年第2期77-80,共4页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划项目(2002BA516A03)

摘　　要：研究了酸、碱条件下不同化学药品对鸡毛降解的影响,从而筛选出有效的助剂以提高复合氨基酸的产率;并在水解温度恒定、水解剂硫酸3mol·L-1或氢氧化钾6mol·L-1及常压条件下,采用正交试验研究了固液比、助剂用量、水解时间对水解率的影响。结果表明:酸、碱处理条件下不同处理间差异显著,酸处理条件下以金属盐作用效果最好,增产率18. 0%;碱处理条件下以硫化钠作用效果最好,增产率达39. 8%。在水解温度115~120℃及常压条件下,水解剂为3mol·L-1硫酸处理的最佳水解工艺为固液比1∶3、助剂用量120g·kg-1、水解时间10h; 6mol·L-1氢氧化钾作为水解剂时的最佳水解工艺为固液比1∶3、助剂用量120g·kg-1、水解时间12h。Researches were carried out to determine effects of different chemical reagents on hydrolyzation of chicken feathers under acid or alkali conditions in order to select a suitable catalyst to enhance transformation of organic nitrogen into amino acids.Effects of ratio of solid to liquid,dosage of catalyst and duration on hydrolysis were also studied through an orthogonal experiment under the conditions of a constant temperature of 115-120 ℃,3 mol·L^(-1) sulfuric acid or 6 mol·L^(-1) potassium hydroxide,and a normal atmospheric pressure.The results show that when sulfuric acid was used as hydrolytic reagent,metal salts were the best catalyzer,increasing the production of amino acid by 18.0% as compared with the treatment of no addition of catalyzers,and when potassium hydroxide was used as hydrolytic reagent,however,sodium sulfide was the best,increasing production by 39.8% as compared with treatment of no addition of catalyzers.The solid/liquid ratio of 1∶3 and the catalyzer dosage of 120 g·kg^(-1) were the optimal technological parameters for hydrolysis with either sulfuric acid or potassium hydroxide as hydrolytic reagent,but the optimal duration of hydrolysis was 10 h for the former and 12 h for the latter.

关 键 词：鸡毛 水解 化学降解 复合氨基酸 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S210.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]