松嫩平原主要盐碱植物群落生物生态学机制的初步探讨  

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE MAIN PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE SALINE SOILS OF SONG-NEN PLAIN

作　　者：杜晓光[1] 郑慧莹[1] 刘存德[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《植物生态学报》1994年第1期41-49,共9页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

摘　　要：本文采用野外调查分析和室内实验相结合的方法，从不同方面初步探讨松嫩平原三个盐碱植物群落的生物生态学机制，实验和分析结果表明：（１）土壤盐碱含量是决定盐碱植物群落组成和分布的主导因素。在植物群落的生态分布上，表现出虎尾草群落、星星草群落和碱蓬群落对盐碱的耐性有逐渐增强的趋势。（２）在实验室控制条件下，群落的建群种碱蓬、星星草、虎尾草对盐碱生境的生理适应性依次减弱．（３）在盐碱含量不同的土壤上，星星草体内脯氨酸含量与土壤总含盐量，特别是土壤中Ｎａ￣＋含量呈正相关，说明植物通过调节体内某些生理反应来适应盐碱生境。上述结果初步揭示了松嫩平原主要盐碱植物群落的生物生态学机制。Using field investigations and laboratory experiments, we examined the factors influencing the distribution and composition of three plant communi-ties of Song-Nen Plain. Our results showed that:1. The salt content in the soil was a key factor determining the distrib-ution and composition of plant communities. The dominances of Chloris vir-gata, Puccinellia tenuifloraand Suaeda glauca in different communities chang-ed along a soil salt content gradient, with Suaeda glauda being the most dom-inant species in the soils of highest pH, Chloris virgata being in the soils oflowest pH, and Puccinellia tenuiflora falling in between. The distribution ra-nge of Chloris Dirgata was wider than either Puccinellia tenuiflora or Suaeda glauca. 2. Under controlled conditions in the laboratory, the germination rate,Growth performances(fresh weight, height), respiration intensity,ATP content and cell membrane permeability of the three species decreased as the concentrations of Na_2CO_3 in the growth media increased. The salt-tolerant strength followed the order of Suacda glauca>Puccinellia tenuiflora>Chloris virgata。 Because suaeda glauca and Puccinellia tenuiflora needed certain concentrations of salt to grow,they could not grow well at the conditions of low salt content in the soil,and, therefore, their distribution range was limited. On the other hand,the growth of Chloris virgata was evidently inhibited under high salt conditions,but not inhibited when the salt content was low, andthus their distribution spanned a wide range.3.The proline content in the tissues of Puccinellia tenuiflora was positively correlated withthetotal salt(particularly Na￣+)content in the soil, indicating that Puccinellia tenuiflora can adapt to high-salt environments by changing their internal physiological reactions.

关 键 词：松嫩平原 盐碱植物 群落 生态学 

分 类 号：Q948.158[生物学—植物学]