附着生物对栉孔扇贝生长及存活的影响  

Fouling development and its effect on the growth and livability of Chlamys ferreri

作　　者：王光花[1] 岳斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]莱阳农学院水生生物科学与工程系,山东莱阳265200 [2]莱阳农学院,山东莱阳265200

出　　处：《水产养殖》2005年第3期9-11,共3页Journal of Aquaculture

摘　　要：对荣成市桑沟湾崖头养殖场扇贝养殖笼上附着生物的种类组成、消长规律、附着生物量的季节变化以及附着生物对扇贝生长存活的影响方面进行了调查研究。结果表明:扇贝养殖笼上附着生物的种类主要有海鞘(玻璃海鞘、柄海鞘、史氏菊海鞘、紫拟菊海鞘)、水螅(主要是鲍枝螅)、多管藻、海绵等;8月份附着生物总生物量达到最高峰,9月份开始逐渐下降;倒笼次数对栉孔扇贝的生长有较大影响:在实验养殖期中,每月倒笼1次组的体重增长最快,但死亡率最高;综合个体、体重增长以及死亡率来看,以每2个月倒换网笼1次、高温季节不倒笼为最佳。The species community,seasonal change in biomass and its regulations of the major fouling organisms were extensively investigated during the period from June to October 2003. In addition,growth and livability of the scallop affected by the fouling organisms were also presented. The result showed that the major fouling organisms in Sanggou Bay culture areas were Ascidia (including Ciona intestinalis,Styela clava,Botrylluss chlosseri and etc.),Bougainvillia,Polysiphonia spp., and Spongia spp.. The total biomass of fouling organisms reached its peak in August, and declined with the falling off of the Ascidia and hydra in September,coinciding with the change of water temperature. Changing the nets regularly results in an increase in the yield of shell height and weight. Shell height and shell weight increased greatly if the nets are changed monthly,but the mortality was higher. Taking into consideration of all the factors,it is the best way to change nets bimonthly,but it is recommended not to change nets when water temperature is high.

关 键 词：附着生物 栉孔扇贝 生长 存活 扇贝养殖 体重增长 种类组成 消长规律 季节变化 玻璃海鞘 高温季节 生物量 死亡率 养殖场 桑沟湾 荣成市 柄海鞘 多管藻 8月份 9月份 养殖期 鲍 

分 类 号：S944.344[农业科学—水产养殖]