异细胞质八倍体小堰麦（Trititrigia　8x）的选育及其性状与细胞遗传  

PRODUCTION AND CYTOGENETICS OF OCTOPLOID ALLOPLASMIC TRITITRIGIA

作　　者：薛玺[1] 王永清[1] 徐香玲[1] 王同昌[1] 李集临[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学

出　　处：《植物研究》1994年第4期424-433,共10页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本实验用普通小麦“中国春”（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＣＶｃｈｉｎｅｓｅｓｐｒｉｎｇ）和八种异细胞质“中国春”（Ａｅｇｉｌｏｐｓｖａｖｉｌｏｖｉｉ）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｊｕｖｅｎａｌｉｓ）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｃｒａｓｓａ）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｃｏｍｏｓａ）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｕｎｉａｎｓｔａｔ－ａ）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｓｐｅｌｔｏｉｄｅｓ．Ｍ．）ＣＳ、（Ａｅ．ｋｏｔｓｃｈｙｉ）ＣＳ．（Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉ）ＣＳ分别与八倍体小偃麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｔｒｉｇｉａ８ｘ）“远中２”、“远中３”、“远中４”、“远中５”杂交与回交，选育出８种异细胞质“远中２”、“远中２”“远中４”、“远中５”共３２个类型。并对不同的异细质“中国春”小麦与八倍体小偃麦杂交当代结实率、种子萌发率、Ｆ１植株与回交后代的性状、育性、减数分裂行为进行了观察。结果表明：因细胞质类型不同杂交当代的结实率有差异，Ｆ１和回交后代育性差异较大，这种差异不仅与细胞质类型有关，而且与核亲本类型有关，表明明显的核质工作。不同的异细胞质类型对Ｆ１的某些性状如生育期、分蘖数、株高、籽粒饱满度有影响。杂种Ｆ１减数分裂行为与对照相比有变化，有的影响四分体的发育。In crossing eight alloplasmic lines of'Chinese Spring' with four lines of octoploid trititrigia, 8 groups and 32 forms of alloplasmic trititrigia were produced.It has shown that obvious differences on seed-set rate of crossing generation and fertility of backerossing offsprings relate to not only different types of alloplasm and also different backerossing parents as well, so that is a obvious interaction between nuclears and cytoplasm. Different types of alien eytoplasm influence Fl's characters including plant height, tillering number, mature Period and kernal plumpness. Chromosome pairing in PMCs of F1 hybrids was compared among crossing combinations.

关 键 词：细胞质 小偃麦 核质杂种 小麦 育种 

分 类 号：S512.032[农业科学—作物学]