同沉积挤压盆地构造演化恢复的平衡剖面方法及其应用  

The Balanced Cross-Section Method for Restoration of Structural Evolution in Compressional Basins with Synkinematic Sedimentation and Its Application

作　　者：周建勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学教育部石油天然气成藏机理重点实验室,石油大学地球科学系,北京102249

出　　处：《地球学报》2005年第2期151-156,共6页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：石油大学教育部石油天然气成藏机理重点实验室基金资助

摘　　要：平衡剖面技术是构造演化定量恢复的有效手段,但须根据实际地质条件采取相应的方法才能获得可靠的结果。本文针对中国西部的陆相同沉积挤压盆地的特点,提出更好地利用平衡剖面技术进行构造演化恢复的方法:①采用变速时 深转换获取可靠的地质剖面;②采用分层恢复方法抑制变形恢复误差;③对浅部地层按弯滑机制进行恢复,对深部或塑性地层则按垂直/斜滑和塑性变形机制进行恢复;④对岩性横向变化大的地层进行分段去压实以减小去压实校正误差。并以柴达木盆地为例,探讨这一方法的实际应用。Balanced cross-section is an effective tool for quantitative restoration of structural evolution. Nevertheless, to obtain reliable results, one must choose suitable methods on the basis of actual geological conditions. In order to obtain reliable restoration of structural evolution by balanced cross-section in such compressional basins with synkinematic sedimentation as those in northwestern China, the authors suggest several critical steps: ① using variable velocity parameters in time-depth conversion to obtain reliable geological sections,② using multiple component restoration method to restrain restoration error of deformation,③ adopting the flexural slip mechanism for upper strata and the vertical/oblique slip method or plastic deformation mechanism for lower or plastic strata, and ④ using multiple segment method for strata of remarkable horizontal variations in rock kinds to decrease the decompaction error. In addition, examples from Qaidam Basin in Northwest China are discussed.

关 键 词：盆地构造演化 应用 沉积 平衡剖面技术 塑性变形机制 柴达木盆地 定量恢复 地质条件 挤压盆地 中国西部 地质剖面 变形恢复 恢复方法 浅部地层 校正误差 横向变化 可靠 压实 陆相 分段 岩性 

分 类 号：P544.4[天文地球—构造地质学] P512.2[天文地球—地质学]