衰老及促智药影响神经细胞膜流动性机制的研究进展  

Progress on the Study of the Effects of Aging and Nootropic Drugs on Membrane Fluidity of Neurons

作　　者：李亚[1] 王建军[2] 蔡景霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所脑与行为实验室,云南昆明650223 [2]南京大学生物科学与技术系生理学教研室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2005年第2期220-224,共5页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划资助项目(G1999054000);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070251)

摘　　要：细胞膜流动性通常是指膜脂质的流动性。神经细胞膜功能的正常进行要求膜脂质保持适宜的流动状态。膜流动性改变将导致膜电位、离子通透性、跨膜物质运输、信号转导等一系列改变。老年动物及阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)患者脑神经细胞膜流动性显著降低,主要与自由基增多引起的脂质过氧化反应、神经细胞钙平衡失调有关,此外,还与其脑内神经元上的受体密度、β-淀粉样蛋白沉积有关。促智药(吡咯烷酮类、人参皂甙、银杏叶提取物EGb761)能明显增强老年动物及AD患者脑神经细胞膜的流动性。Membrane fluidity means the fluidity of membrane lipid in the unit membrane. The changes of neuronal membrane potential, ion flux, release and binding of neurotransmitters, enzyme activity and signal transfer will induce the changes of neuronal membrane fluidity. The membrane fluidity of brain neurons of aged animals and Alzheimer's patients is lower than that of young animals and normal people. The decrease of membrane fluidity is related to the increase of lipid peroxidation induced by increased free radicals. In addition, the disorder of intracellular calcium homeostasis, decrease of density of membrane receptor, and deposit of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) in the neurons of the brain also affect the membrane fluidity. The nootropic drugs, such as Pyrrolidone derivatives, Ginsenoside Rg1 and EGb761 significantly improved membrane fluidity of neurons in the aged animal and Alzheimer's disease patient's brain via above mechanisms.

关 键 词：神经细胞 膜流动性 衰老 促智药 阿尔茨海默氏病 脂质过氧化 

分 类 号：Q421[生物学—神经生物学] R338[生物学—生理学]