高原地区医院感染的细菌学研究  

Bacteriological Research on Nosocomial Infection at High Altitude

作　　者：王洪斌[1] 何代平[1] 蒋红梅[1] 胡美玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏军区总医院实验中心,拉萨850003

出　　处：《西南军医》2005年第2期1-2,共2页Journal of Military Surgeon in Southwest China

摘　　要：目的　了解高原地区医院感染的细菌种类及分布特点。方法　采用前瞻性研究与回顾性研究相结合对细菌学检查结果进行统计分析。结果　高原地区医院感染细菌:G+ 球菌占70 .70 % ,G+ 杆菌占2 .2 5 % ,G-杆菌占2 5 .0 7% ,真菌占1.97% ;凝固酶(- )葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(2 4 .5 1%、2 1.2 6 % )为优势菌,其它常见的细菌是肺炎球菌、草绿色链球菌、肠球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、产碱假单胞菌、聚团肠杆菌;G+ 球菌内科高于外科,G-和G+ 杆菌外科高于内科(P <0 .0 0 1～0 .0 1) ,差异有极显著性。结论　高原地区特殊环境和细菌的生物学特性是形成这种细菌分布特点的主要因素,医务工作者要掌握医院感染细菌分布特点及耐药性,对控制医院感染、减少痛苦和经济损失有重要意义。Objective To study the bacterial pedigree and its dis tribution characteristics at high altitu de.Methods Prospective and re trospective surveys were made and statis tic analysis was given to the results of the bacteriological study.Results Bacteria of nosoco mial infection at high altitude included :G+ cocci (70.7%),G+ bacilli (2.25%),G - bacilli (25.07%),fungus (1.97%);Coagu lase-negative Staphylococcus (24.51%) an d Staphylococcus aureus (21.26%) were do minant bacteria,other common bacteria we re:pneumococcus,streptococcus viridans,e nterococci,Bacillus coli,Pseudomonas Aer uginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia,Ps.-alcalie genes,enterobacter;G+ cocci was higher in medical department than in surgical d epartment (P<0.001) while G- bacill a nd G+ bacilli were higher in surgical d epartment than in medical department (P <0.001～0.01).Conclusions The unique cli mate environment and the biological char acteristic of bacteria were the primary factors to form the feature of species a nd distribution of the nosocomial infect ion at high altitude;it is of great impo rtance for medical staff to understand t he distribution of the bacteria in nosoc omial infection and the drug tolerance s o as to control nosocomial infection,to alleviate the suffering of the patients, and to reduce the financial loss.

关 键 词：高原 医院感染 细菌 研究 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学] R197.3[医药卫生—临床医学]