东北地区春季气温异常环流背景分析  

Spatial Characteristics of Anomalous Circulation in Cold/Warm Years in Spring in Northeast China

作　　者：王冀[1] 江志红[1] 张艳梅 韩艳凤[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]贵州省六盘水市气象局,六盘水553001 [3]辽宁省鞍山市气象局,鞍山114004

出　　处：《气象科技》2005年第2期128-132,共5页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目40375032资助

摘　　要：利用东北地区99个测站近40年(1960～2000年)的春季3～5月气温资料与同期全球范围的温度场、高度场、风场资料,分析了东北地区春季冷、暖年的大气环流异常及要素场的空间分布特征。结果表明:冷春年,东北地区处于高度场的负距平中心,中层以上高纬地区有阻高或暖脊维持;东亚大槽指数的高值年对应东北高温,而低值年则对应东北低温;冷、暖春年的温度场的垂直分布十分深厚,冷春年东北地区主要受偏北气流影响,从地面到对流层顶均处于温度负距平中心内,纬向风在东北地区呈正距平分布,西风带势力较强,暖春年则相反。By using the global temperature, height, and wind data of 40 years from 1960 to 2000, the anomalous features of global circulation in spring in cold/warm years in Northeast China were analyzed. It is concluded: in cold spring years, radial circulation prevailed in the troposphere; the Mongolia high and the Aleutian low strengthened at the lower-level, and cold air systems were more active; above the mid-level, there was a blocking high or warm ridge in the high-latitude region. The variation of the East-Asia Trough Index has a close relation with spring temperature. The variation of vertical temperature distribution extended up to the tropopause in cold/warm years. In cold spring year over Northeast China, north winds prevailed and the westerly was relatively strong; a negative temperature anomaly center extended from surface to tropopause, while a positive zonal wind area lay across Northeast China. In warm spring year, vice versa.

关 键 词：东北地区 背景分析 气温异常 春季 空间分布特征 大气环流异常 2000年 全球范围 气温资料 风场资料 高纬地区 东亚大槽 垂直分布 对流层顶 温度场 高度场 40年 要素场 距平 纬向风 西风带 气流 

分 类 号：P423.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] F837.121[经济管理—金融学]