西北地区冰雹分布特征  

Characteristics of Hail Distribution in Northwest China

作　　者：李照荣[1] 丁瑞津[1] 董安祥[2] 李荣庆[1] 庞朝云[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省气象局人工影响天气办公室 [2]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,兰州730020

出　　处：《气象科技》2005年第2期160-162,166,共4页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：科技部2003年科研院所社会公益类研究项目"西北地区人工防雹消雹技术"(2002DIB10046)资助

摘　　要：冰雹具有明显的区域特征,利用西北地区(陕、甘、宁、青、新)192个气象站点41年的冰雹和雷暴资料(部分站点资料不足41年)分析了冰雹的分布特征及与雷暴、海拔的关系,探讨了西北地区5省冰雹多发的原因,综合各省的冰雹分析,给出了冰雹主要的产生源地和移动路径。西北地区冰雹分布呈3个频发中心,冰雹的发生与雷暴、海拔密切正相关,相关系数分别为0.78和0.84,冰雹移动路径多为西北-东南和西-东走向,近10年来冰雹已经大为减少。综合考虑地形和其他天气因素,给出了西北地区产生冰雹的5个主要源地。With the 40-year hail and thunderstorm data from meteorological stations over Northwest China, an analysis was made of the distribution characteristics of hails, and the relation with altitude, topography and concomitant thunderstorms. The causes of frequently occurring hails in Northwest China are discussed. The result indicates that hails in this area are concentrated mainly around three areas; the occurrence of hails is highly correlated with thunderstorms and altitude with the correlation coefficients being 0.78 and 0.84; and in the last 10 years hail disasters decreased greatly. Considering meteorological factors and topography, five source areas of hails are pointed out.

关 键 词：西北地区 分布特征 移动路径 区域特征 冰雹分析 相关系数 天气因素 雷暴 正相关 站点 海拔 源地 气象 地形 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]