北京市东城区423名儿童乙肝疫苗免后血清学调查  

Serological Investigation on 423 Children after Immunized by Hepatitis B Vaccine in Dongcheng District of Beijing City

作　　者：张海艳[1] 崔玲玲[1] 马立宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,北京东城100009

出　　处：《疾病监测》2005年第2期65-67,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的　了解东城区 3～ 12岁儿童的乙型肝炎血清免疫状况 ,及乙肝疫苗免疫效果。方法采用多阶段整群系统随机抽样法抽取 8个调查点中的 3～ 12岁年龄段儿童进行问卷调查和采集静脉血 ,应用放免分析法检测HBV 3项指标。对抗 -HBs阴性或小于 10mIU/mL者进行 2 5、5μg加强免疫一次 ,免后一至三个月内进行抗 -HBs检测。 结果　东城区 3～ 12岁儿童HBsAg阳性率为 0 .2 % ;抗 -HBc阳性率为 5 . 2 % ;抗 -HBs阳性率为 5 2 . 0 % ,儿童乙肝保护率为 93. 2 % ,儿童血清表面抗体平均滴度为 73. 4 6mIU/mL。各年龄组HBsAg阳性率、抗 -HBc阳性率、抗 -HBs阳性率经统计学检验差异均无显著性。共对 15 2名儿童进行加免一次 ,免后总的抗体阳转率为88. 8% ,总的抗体平均滴度 10 0 80mIU/mL ,2 5 μg和 5 μg加免抗体阳转率、抗体平均滴度差异均无显著性。结论　东城区 3～ 12岁儿童乙肝免疫状况良好。儿童出生后 ,按 0、1、6月程序接种乙肝疫苗可以有效的阻断乙肝传播 ,无论应用血源型疫苗还是基因工程乙肝疫苗均能达到很好的保护效果 ,并可维持 12年之久 ;对抗 -HBs阴性儿童只需加强接种乙肝疫苗 2. 5 μg和 5 μg一次即可得到良好的免疫效果。Objective This investigation was to have a better understanding of serological immunization against hepatitis B and immunological efficacy among children aged between 3 and 12 in Dongcheng District. Methods 3～12 years old children from 8 investigation points were selected to be administered questionnaire and to be collected venous blood by using multi-stage cluster systematic random sampling, and 3 indexes of HBV were determined by radioimmunoassay. For children who had negative anti-HBs or a titer less than 10mIU/mL, a reinforced immunization at 2 5 and 5μg was managed and anti-HBs inspection was conducted within 1 to 3 months after immunization. Results In Dongcheng District, the positive rate of HbsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs among children aged between 3 and 12 was 0 24%, 5 20% and 52 01% respectively; the protection rate among children against Hepatitis B was 93 2% and the mean titer of surface antibody was 73 46 mIU/mL. Among groups of different ages, there was no significant difference for the positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs. 152 children underwent reinforced immunization for once and the overall positive conversion rate and mean titer of antibody after immunization was 88 8% and 100 796 mIU/mL respectively, for which there existed no significant difference between 2 5μg and 5μg group. Conclusion For newborns in Dongcheng District, inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine according to a 0, 1 and 6-month procedure can effectively block the transmission of hepatitis B and moreover, good protection can be achieved using either plasma-derived or genetic engineering Hepatitis B vaccine which is able to last for 12 years so that extensive reinforced inoculation is not necessary; for children with negative anti-HBs, reinforced inoculation of 2 5μg or 5μg of Hepatitis B vaccine for only once can achieve a good immunological efficacy.

关 键 词：东城区 血清学调查 HBsAg阳性率 抗-HBc阳性率 北京市 抗体平均滴度 抗-HBS阳性率 基因工程乙肝疫苗 抗-HBs检测 抗体阳转率 2岁儿童 疫苗免疫效果 免疫状况 3~12岁 随机抽样法 放免分析法 5μg 统计学检验 乙型肝炎 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]