制备六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷的硝解工艺近期进展  

Recent Development of Nitrolysis Technology for Preparation of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane

作　　者：欧育湘[1] 刘进全[1] 王艳飞[1] 孟征[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《江苏化工》2005年第2期13-17,共5页Jiangsu Chemical Industry

基　　金：国防科工委预研基金资助项目(12060451867)

摘　　要：六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)是当今已工业化生产的能量水平最高的炸药,HNIW的制备包括基本母体的合成、母体的氢解、氢解产物(硝解底物)的硝解(即生成HNIW)及HNIW的转晶4步。综述了近几年来制备HNIW的硝解工艺的进展(包括作者的若干研究成果),详细报道了硝解3种底物([四乙酰基二苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(TADBIW)、四乙酰基二甲酰基六氮杂杂异伍兹烷(TADFIW)及四乙酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷(TAIW])以制备HNIW的工艺条件,并评价了各自的优、缺点。Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(HNIW) is the most powerful explosive produced in industrial scale, and its preparation consists of four steps: (1) synthesis of the parent caged compounds; (2) hydrogenolysis of the parent to give the nitrolysis substrates; (3) nitrolysis of the substrates to form γ-or α-HNIW or their mixture; (4) crystal transformation to obtain ε-HNIW. During the last 15 years the technologies for HNIW production have been studied intensively and extensively both at home and abroad, and now it arrives maturation. In this article the development of nitrolysis technology for preparation of HNIW from TADBIW, TADFIW and TAIW within the last decade and the procedure of nitrolysis and their advantage along with their disadvantage are reviewed in detail.

关 键 词：六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷 硝解 炸药 高能量密度化合物 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]