提高高铬白口铸铁件性能的研究与生产实践  

Research on Increasing Properties of Hi-Cr White Iron Castings and Practice

作　　者：朴东学[1] 齐笑冰[1] 闫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳铸造研究所,辽宁沈阳110021

出　　处：《现代铸铁》2005年第2期1-4,共4页Modern Cast Iron

摘　　要：要提高高铬铸铁的韧性和抗冲击磨损能力,除改善共晶碳化物形态和分布外,更重要的是采用综合变质处理细化共晶碳化物,净化晶界,合理选择基体组织、化学成分和热处理工艺。共晶成分或稍微过共晶成分的高铬铸铁显示良好的抗冲击磨料磨损能力,而添加W、N等提高抗冲击磨损能力不明显。研究发现,不同C、含量的3C-21Cr系高铬铸铁的最佳奥氏Nb Cr体化温度和最高峰值硬度不一样;回火温度接近或超过430℃对冲击磨损影响较明显,但对冲击韧度影响甚小。研制了3C-21Cr高铬铸铁与各种碳素钢、合金钢组成的双金属锤头,其使用寿命比3C-27Cr高铬铸铁与钢复合的锤头延长50%～60%。In order to increase toughness and impact abrasive wear resistance of hi-Cr cast irons, it is more important, in addition to improving the morphology and distribution of the eutectic carbides, to adopt comprehensive modification treatment to fine the eutectic carbides, purify grain boundaries, and properly choose the matrix structure, chemical composition and heat treatment process. The hi-Cr cast iron with eutectic composition or the composition a little higher than eutectic demonstrated excellent impact abrasive wear resistance, and adding W, Nb and some other elements had no obvious effect on increasing impact abrasive wear resistance. It was found in research that hi-Cr cast irons of 3C-21Cr series with different C and Cr contents have different optimum austenitizing temperature and different hardness peak values; tempering at temperature near to or higher than 430 ℃ showed obvious influence on impact abrasion, however its influence on impact toughness was quite slight. Several kinds of hammer heads made of bimetals consisted of 3C-21Cr cast iron with various carbon steels and alloy steels were developed. Their working life were longer than the heads made of bimetals consisted of 3C-27Cr cast iron with various steels by 50%～60%.

关 键 词：高铬铸铁 性能提高 综合变质处理 双金属复合铸造 

分 类 号：TG251.2[金属学及工艺—铸造]