儿童孤独症危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors related to children's autism

作　　者：徐翠青[1] 张建端[1] 张静[1] 李丹[2] 田文雁[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,430030 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2005年第8期982-983,共2页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅科研基金资助

摘　　要：目的:探讨儿童孤独症的危险因素。方法: 采用自拟调查表对确诊的149例孤独症患儿进行相关因素的回顾性调查。结果: 在149名患儿中, 43 96%的母亲孕期情绪紧张或抑郁, 母亲孕期和患儿出生时有异常情况者分别为24. 83%和33. 56%; 患儿有家族异常史者占22 .82% (以直系亲属中有孤僻、不合群者居首位), 14. 09%的患儿既往有神经系统疾病史;有18 79%的患儿有寄养史, 48. 12%的患儿家庭教育方式不良。结论: 遗传、孕产期异常和脑部器质性改变等因素可能引起孤独症发病, 通过加强孕产期保健工作, 提高医务人员和家长对儿童孤独症的认知水平及帮助父母正确对待孤独症患儿, 可预防孤独症的发生和改善其预后。Objective:To explore the risk factors related to children's autismMethods:The correlated factors of 149 children diagnosed as autism were retrospectively investigated with self-made questionnaire.Results:Of 149 children, 43.96% of mothers reported anxiety or depression during pregnancy, and the prevalence of mother with pregnant complications and birth with abnormity were 24.83% and 33.56%, respectively. The children patients with abnormal family history accounted for 22.82% (firstly unsociable and eccentric characteristic in lineal relative), 14.09% with neurological complications, 18.79% with fosterage history and 48.12% with poor family education way.Conclusion:The genetic factors, prenatal and perinatal complications and organic abnormality in brain and so on could be an important pathogenesis of autism. Strengthening healthcare in pregnancy and perinatal period, improving the doctors and parents' cognition about autism and helping parents adopt suitable family education could prevent its incidence and improve its prognosis.

关 键 词：儿童 孤独症 危险因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]