慕士塔格卡尔塔马克冰川水文观测与特征分析  

Obsevation and Analyses of Hydrological Process of the Kaltamak Glacier in Muztag Ata

作　　者：何晓波[1] 丁永建[1] 刘时银[1] 保翰璋 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2005年第2期262-268,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40371026);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划专目(90202013);科技部前期研究项目(2001CCB00300)资助

摘　　要：基于2003年卡尔塔马克冰川强烈消融期连续的气象与水文观测, 对卡尔塔马克冰川消融的影响因素和融水径流特征进行了分析. 结果表明: 消融期的冰川融水流量与气温之间存在着良好的相关关系, 降水过程会导致气温降低抑制冰川消融. 卡尔塔马克冰川纯冰川融水径流模数为62.4 L·s-1·km-2, 冰川区融水径流深为 463.5 mm. 根据现场降水损失试验, 总损失达 26%, 校正后大本营处2003年降水量为134 mm.Based on the measurements in the Kaltamak Glacier in Muztag Ata, East Pamirs, from June to September 2003, the hydological features are analysed in this paper. The meltwater runoff is related mainly with air temperature and precipitation. The parameters of glacial meltwater runoff are analyzed and calculated. The glacial meltwater runoff depth is 463.5 mm. The mean runoff modulus is around 62.4 L·s~{-1}·km~{-2}). From simulating the runoff process with the measured data, it is found a good relationship of glacial meltwater runoff between glacier discharge and air temperature in the observation period. Experiment of precipitation measurement loss shows that the total loss reaches 26%. The corrected annual precipitation was 134 mm in 2003.

关 键 词：慕士塔格 卡尔塔马克冰川 水文特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]