天然降雨对红壤坡地侵蚀的影响  

Effects of Natural Rainfall on Red-Soil Slopeland Erosion

作　　者：左长清[1] 马良[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学现代农业工程系,江苏南京210098 [2]山东省水利科学研究院,山东济南250013

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2005年第2期1-4,32,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江西省主要学科跨世纪学术和技术带头人培养计划项目"水土流失监测监控指标体系"(编号 :9845)

摘　　要：通过气象观测站与标准径流小区的试验观测,全面系统地分析了江西省红壤坡地的天然降雨特征。主要内容包括与土壤流失关系密切的降雨量(P)、降雨强度(I)等降雨特征参数的等级划分和时间分配规律;确定了江西红壤坡地侵蚀性降雨标准;确立了ΣE·I60 为红壤坡地降雨侵蚀力因子R的最佳计算组合,并分析了R值的季度分配、月分配特征以及雨量分配、雨强分配特征。这为探索控制江西红壤坡地水土流失的最佳时段。This paper analyzed the chacteristics of natural rainfall for the red-soil sloping land in Jiangxi province by analyzing experimentation data through the climate observation station and bareness plots. The study calculated rainfall character in relation with soil erosion such as precipitation (P), rainfall intensity (I) and so on. Their class differentiation and time distribution regular were studied; also the erosive rainfall standards of red soil sloping land in Jiangxi province were also established. The study indicated the largest 60min's rainfall intensity (I_(60)) was the best parameter of rainfall erosion energy in experimental region, and ΣE·I_(60) could represent commendably the factor for estimating the rainfall erosion energy (R). Also the seasonal and monthly characteristics of R, precipitation distribution and rainfall intensity distribution of R were analyzed.

关 键 词：坡地侵蚀 天然降雨 侵蚀性降雨标准 红壤坡地 分配特征 水土流失 气象观测站 降雨侵蚀力 试验观测 径流小区 降雨特征 土壤流失 分配规律 等级划分 特征参数 降雨强度 借鉴意义 发生演变 动力来源 江西省 降雨量 最佳 R值 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学] TV141.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]