凝胶状保水剂使用效果研究  

Study on Application Effect of Gelatin of Super Absorbent Polymers

作　　者：王百田[1] 马丰斌[1] 张府娥[1] 史常青[1] 侯青海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2005年第2期65-68,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技攻关课题 (2 0 0 1BA51 0B0 330 4 )资助

摘　　要：保水剂凝胶是一种保证有效使用保水剂的重要措施。在黄土高原半干旱地区最干旱的春季,通过对比试验分析了在沙棘、杏树、梨树等幼树林中不同保水剂凝胶使用方法与使用量对土壤水分及杏树、梨树前期坐果率的影响,表明使用方法与使用量对土壤水分的维持和对果树生长有显著的影响。在试验的保水剂用量范围内(4 5～15 75kg)使用保水剂凝胶后土壤水分明显提高,提高幅度为5 %～4 8%。棒状保水剂凝胶在埋入土壤2 0天后,贮存的水分可在2 5 30cm半径范围内使得土壤水分比对照提高5 %～4 6 % ,在2 0天到30天内可维持在10 %左右。提高了果树的前期座果率,其中杏树提高2 0 %左右,梨树提高10 %左右。施用棒状保水剂凝胶比直接使用保水剂凝胶和土壤混匀施用维持土壤水分的效果显著,而且可以根据旱情反复吸水使用。Gelatin of super absorbent polymers is an important measure for guaranteeing its efficient application. The different usage and dosage were analyzed of effect on soil water content and bearing fruit rate for young plantation of hippophael rhamnoide, apricot and pear in the driest spring at semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau by using the control experiment. The result shows that the usage and dosage have evident influence on maintaining soil humidity and fruit tree development. Soil water content obviously increased, the range to 5%～48% inside usage (4.5～15.75 kg). Club-shipped gelatin of super absorbent polymers made soil water content increased 5%～46% at 25～30 cm radius soil on twentieth day, and can maintain 10% or so 20 days until 30 days after it was put into soil. The bearing fruit rate increased, among them the apricot increase 20% or so, the pear increase 10% or so. Club-shipped gelatin of super absorbent polymers has effectively maintain soil water content than direct gelatin usage and gelatin mixed with soil, and more it can repeat utilization based dry degreed, then it is a proper operation method for forestation.

关 键 词：保水剂 凝胶 效果研究 对比试验分析 使用方法 半干旱地区 有效使用 黄土高原 果树生长 用量范围 效果显著 使用量 土壤 水分 杏树 梨树 坐果率 座果率 前期 棒状 施用 沙棘 

分 类 号：S482.99[农业科学—农药学] O648.17[农业科学—植物保护]