柑橘种间体细胞杂种花器官特性及花粉育性  

The flower traits and pollen fertility of Citrus interspecific somatic hybrid

作　　者：刘艳玲[1] 夏仁学[1] 李国怀[1] 马梦亭[1] 伊华林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2005年第1期53-56,共4页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国务院三峡建设委员会移民科技资助项目(S200216);国家"863"计划资助项目(39830260)

摘　　要：柑橘异源四倍体体细胞杂种“哈姆林甜橙Citrussinensiscv. HamlinSweetOrange+粗柠檬Citrusjambhiricv. RoughLemon)”是我国最早一例开花的柑橘体细胞杂种。为探讨其在柑橘育种与生产中的价值,对其花器官特性、花粉形态及大小进行了观察,并对花粉育性进行了检测。结果表明,花器官有 3种类型:完全花、雌蕊败育花和畸形花。其中 95%的花为雌蕊败育花,但其花药饱满,花粉量大 (每花药 19 229粒 ),萌发率高(15 31%)。以异源四倍体体细胞杂种为父本与晚白柚杂交,座果率为 49 50%,远远高于晚白柚自然授粉和自花结实的座果率,这说明柑橘种间体细胞杂种的花粉可促进晚白柚的授粉受精,在杂交育种中可作为亲本利用。The allotetraploid and interspecific somatic hybrid of Citrus sinensis cv. Hamlin Sweet Orange + Citrus jambhiri cv. Rough Lemon was the first case of bloom in China. In order to assess its values in citrus breeding and production, the flower traits, pollen morphology and size of sometic hybrid were observed and the pollen fertility was aslo detected in this paper. The results showed that there were three types of flower, including normal, abortive pistil and abnormal flowers. Among them, 95% flowers were abortive pistil, and their anthers were full and contained 19229 pollen grains per anther, whose germinability was 15.31%. The interploid cross between the somatic hybrid and Wanbai pummelo was conducted and the fruit setting percentage detected after the second physiological drop was 49.50%, which was much higher than that of Wanbai pummelo’s self-pollination and natural fruit bearing. Therefore the pollen of citrus somatic hybrid could be used as cross parent in future crossing.

关 键 词：柑橘 种间体细胞杂种 开花特性 花粉育性 花器官 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]