^(60)Coγ-射线诱变活性污泥辅助处理生活污水的研究  

Study on domestic wastewater treatment with inducted activated sludge by ^(60)Co γ-Radiation

作　　者：曹德菊[1] 庞晓坤[1] 周诗华[1] 段博[1] 徐明照[2] 陆翠珍[2] 王尚飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学生命科学院,合肥230036 [3]中国科技大学辐照中心,合肥230036

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2005年第4期540-544,共5页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：安徽省高等学校‘十五’优秀人才计划资助项目 [2 0 0 3 ] 0 2 2 ;安徽省教育厅自然基金项目 (2 0 0 4kj14 8)

摘　　要：利用6 0 Coγ射线辐照处理活性污泥 ,分析测定了辐照处理前后活性污泥的性质参数、废水的氨氮、COD去除率 ,并研究了活性污泥总DNA含量变化 ,通过电泳检测DNA主带差异来比较生物群落的变化 ,并结合ERIC PCR群落指纹图谱监测分析了辐照处理前后微生物群落结构的变化规律 .研究了不同辐照剂量 (5 0～ 3 0 0 0Gy)的6 0 Coγ射线辐照处理活性污泥对污水处理效果的影响 .结果表明 ,辐照后的活性污泥SV30 、SVI、MLSS、污泥增长率均低于对照 ,特别是污泥增长率 ,当辐照剂量为 5 0 0Gy以上时呈直线下降 ;辐照处理活性污泥的污水COD去除率也低于对照 ,氨氮去除率在低剂量 (5 0Gy、10 0Gy)时分别为 92 95 %和 94 11% ,处理效率优于对照 ,但随着剂量加大处理效果变差 ;活性污泥经一定的6 0 Coγ射线照射后生物相发生了变化 ,其总DNA的含量 ,电泳图谱与PCR结果均存在不同程度的差异 .当辐射剂量为 3 0 0 0Gy时对微生物杀伤较强 ,造成活性污泥基因组损害较大 ,其总DNA的PCR结果出现多态性 。The effect of ^(60)Co γ-radiation on the activated sludge used for domestic wastewater treatment was investigated. The changes of activated characteristics (SV_(30), SVI, MLSS, increasing rate of sludge) of the sludge such as, NH^+_4-N and COD removal capabilities were measured, and the variation of total DNA in activated sludge before and after radiation was also analyzed. The DGGE method combined with ERIC-PCR community fingerprinting was employed to evaluate the changes of bacterial community in activated sludge under various intensity of irradiation (50Gy～3000Gy). The results indicated that the SV_(30), SVI, MLSS, and growing rate of activated sludge all were lower than that of the control, especially for the growing rate of sludge, it dropped sharply once the irradiation intensity was over 500Gy, and COD removal rate was also lower than that of the control. But NH^+_4-N removal rate in lower irradiation intensity (50Gy～100Gy) was higher than control, however, it decreased when irradiation intensity was increased. The difference of total amounts of DNA, DGGE figures and PCR fingerprints in the activated sludge were observed after ^(60)C γ-radiation, implied that some variation of the bacterial occured, when irradiation intensity was beyond 3000Gy, the harm to bacterial was greater. As a result, the poly morphism of ERIC that the community of the microorganism had been changed constitutionally.

关 键 词：^60Coγ-射线 活性污泥 微生物群落结构 生活污水 性质参数 COD去除率 总DNA含量 

分 类 号：X799.303[环境科学与工程—环境工程]