农作物秸秆燃烧PM_(2.5)排放因子的研究  

Emission Factor of PM_(2.5) from Crop Straw Burning

作　　者：祝斌[1] 朱先磊[1] 张元勋[1] 曾立民[1] 张远航[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2005年第2期29-33,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2001AA641060)

摘　　要：农作物秸秆燃烧是一类重要的生物质燃烧形式,已是大气细粒子的来源之一。建立了实验室模拟-稀释通道采样系统,并利用这一系统测定了浙江、四川、河南、河北、北京(主要粮食产区)五地的玉米、小麦和水稻秸秆燃烧过程中PM2 5的排放因子。结果表明:实验室模拟明火燃烧的w(PM2 5)为7 2～39 0g kg,与文献[5],[7]～[8]中野外燃烧结果相似,表明两者燃烧状态具有相似性;排放因子受秸秆燃烧状态影响显著,闷火燃烧为明火燃烧的2 4～11 5倍;同时,农作物种类不同PM2 5排放因子也存在明显差别;而排放因子随秸秆生长地域变化比较小。Crop straw burning, an important category of biomass burning, contributes significantly to airborne fine particles. This work is to characterize PM_(2.5( emission factor of this source. For this purpose, a system of combustion simulation-dilution tunnel sampling was developed and PM_(2.5( was measured during the combustion of wheat, corn and rice straws collected from five grain producing areas, including Zhejiang, Sichuan, Henan, Hebei and Beijing. The results showed that PM_(2.5( emission factors from flaming simulation were (7.2( to (39.0(　g/kg comparable with those from field burning, implicating that these two combustion conditions would be similar. Moreover, 2.4～11.5 times higher PM_(2.5( emission factors were observed in smoldering combustion, indicating that combustion status would affect emission features remarkably. There were also novel differences in PM_(2.5( emission among different crops. However, the difference of emission factors among the straw from different regions was relatively small.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 生物质燃烧 PM2.5 排放因子 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]