论美国民事诉讼法中的“争点排除规则”  

Issue Preclusion in Civil Procedural Law of the United States

作　　者：张临伟 吕强[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省高级人民法院,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《当代法学》2005年第3期116-122,共7页Contemporary Law Review

摘　　要：美国民事诉讼争点排除规则的存在免去了对存在于不同案件中的相同争点的反复判断,它所带来的不仅仅是诉讼成本的节约和诉讼过程的缩短,而且避免了对争点重复判断而可能产生于不同判决之间的不一致,以致矛盾状况的出现。这些使得司法系统得以有效率地运转,法律的稳定与权威也可以得到实现。但对效率的追求不应以牺牲公正为代价的,争点排除规则同时规定了诸多例外。通过这样的制度安排,对效率的追求与对公正的追求在相当大的范围上达成了一致。Issue preclusion, which can avoid repeatedly deciding t he same issues in different cases, not only can cut the litigant costs and litig ant term, but also can avoid the disagreements caused by repeatedly deciding the same issues in different judgments. Issue preclusion makes the judicial system running efficiently, the law being steady and authoritative. At the same time, I ssue preclusion contains many exceptions. So the pursuit of efficiency and the pursuit of justice can be acquired simultaneously.

关 键 词：排除规则 民事诉讼法 美国 诉讼过程 诉讼成本 司法系统 制度安排 不一致 有效率 追求 判断 公正 案件 判决 稳定 法律 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学]