小儿浅静脉留置针固定方法的探讨  

Investigation of the fixation method of superficial venous indwelling trocars in pediatrics

作　　者：黄慧敏[1] 彭新惠[1] 巫建芹[1] 徐敏[1] 严莉[1] 陈燕[1] 刘立林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院儿科,江苏南京210002

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2005年第4期349-351,共3页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：南京军区南京总医院科研基金资助项目(批准号:2003032)

摘　　要：目的:探讨小儿浅静脉留置针固定的最佳方法。方法:将使用静脉留置针的患儿随机分为A、B两组。A组62例,使用3M公司生产的透明胶布(简称3M胶布),在穿刺针眼处压一碘附棉球,“#”字型固定。针眼处每天用5%碘附消毒并更换碘附棉球,3M胶布视污染状况随时更换;B组58例,使用3M公司生产的1623W(6cm×7cm)透明敷料贴(简称透明贴)固定,隔天更换1次。结果:A组平均留置时间为4.51天,B组为2.72天,两组有显著性差异(P<0.01);A组渗漏22例(35.4%),B组35例(60.3%),组间差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);A组发生静脉炎6例(9.6%),B组5例(8.6%),组间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);A、B两组共120例,其中117例无菌生长,3例有表面葡萄球菌生长。结论:用3M胶布并在穿刺针眼处压一碘附棉球“#”字型固定的方法,既可减少渗漏的发生,又延长了留置时间;同时减轻患儿痛苦、提高工作效率,亦为家长节省了开支。Objective: To investigate the optimal fixation method of superficial venous indwelling trocars in pediatrics. Methods: 120 patients retained intravenous trocar, were randomly divided into group A and group B. In group A of 62 patients , trocars were fixed by transparent tapes produced by 3 M company (3 M tape) and were padded with well-shaped iodophor tampon at the puncturing site. The puncturing sites were sterilized by 5% Iodophor fluid and Iodophor tampons were changed every day. The 3M tapes were changed according to contamination. In group B of 58 patients, trocars were fixed by 1623 W (6 cm×7 cm)transparent dressing manufactured by 3 M company(transparent dressing in short). The transparent dressings were changed every other day. Results: There was significant statistic difference (P<0.01)in the retaining time and the occurrence of leakage. The average retaining time in group A was 4.51days and 2.72 days in group B. 35 patients (60.3%)in group B had leakage while only 22 patients(35.4%) in group A . There was no significant difference in the occurrence of phlebitis between these two groups with 6 patients (9.6%) in group A and 5 patients(8.6%) in group B. In the total 120 patients, Staphylococcus Epidermis were found in 3 patients and no bacteria were cultured in the other 117 patients. Conclusion: fixation of trocars by 3 M tapes together with well-shaped Iodophor tampon padding at the puncturing site can both prolong the retaining time of intravenous trocars and prevent leakage, which may alleviate suffering of patients pediatrics , increase work efficiency of nurses and save expenditure for parents.

关 键 词：小儿 静脉输液 留置针 固定方法 

分 类 号：R452[医药卫生—治疗学]