一次局地大暴雨三维风场的双多普勒雷达探测研究  

A Study of the 3D Wind of Heavy Rain with Dual\|Doppler Radar

作　　者：周海光[1] 张沛源[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室，北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学》2005年第3期372-386,共15页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：科技部国家重点基础研究发展规划项目2004CB418305;科技部专项资金项目2002DIA20013;国家自然科学基金面上项目40375006

摘　　要：使用地基双多普勒天气雷达综合和连续调整技术(MUSCAT),对2001年7月13日安徽省合肥、马鞍山双多普勒雷达同步探测到的暴雨系统进行三维风场反演。其暴雨系统的流场特点是在低层存在切变线和辐合线,高层气流辐散,有明显的垂直环流;低层的水平辐合区与高层的水平速度的辐散区相匹配,对应着上升运动;下沉气流在近地面层形成的向外流出的辐散气流促使暴雨系统前方低层暖湿空气上升;南北强回波单体在全椒附近合并,单体合并首先从低层开始,然后扩展到中高层,造成全椒地区的局地强降水;中低层的切变线和辐合线是强回波单体合并的动力因素;流场特征是在其上空形成中尺度涡旋。最后,给出了这次暴雨的概念流场模型。The dynamic structural features of the heavy rain are investigated. The three\|dimensional fields of a meso\|β heavy rain weare retrieved from the dual\|Doppler radar data located on Hefei and Maanshan cities by using a multiple\|Doppler synthesis and continuity adjustment technique (MUSCAT) from 1900 BT (Beijing Time) to 2200 BT on 13 July 2001. Due to the effect of wind\|shift line and convection system, it produced a heavy precipitation in the dual\|Doppler coverage area, up to 104.4 mm of rainfall in 24 hours occurred in Quanjiao area. The dynamic properties of the 3D wind fields in this meso\|β heavy rain are: horizontal shear and small\|scale vortices exist at the low level and there are several vertical circulations. There are strong divergence at the upper level and convergence at the lower level. The small\|scale vortices at 35 km level, the shear line and convergence line at the low and middle level play an important role in the heavy rain. Mergence of the south and north band echo is the initiation and maintain mechanism of this rain. The rainfall after mergence accounts for a high proportion. The results of 3D wind are also in good agreement with the environment analysis and reasonable.

关 键 词：暴雨 双多普勒天气雷达 三维风场 反演方法 MUSCAT 概念流场模型 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]