普氏原羚的求偶交配行为  

Courship and maing behaviors in Przewalski ’s gazelle Procapra przewalskii

作　　者：游章强[1] 蒋志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所

出　　处：《动物学报》2005年第2期187-194,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (No 30430120;No 30270206);国家重大基础研究与发展规划项目 (No G2000046805) 资助~~

摘　　要：作者采用所有事件取样法、扫描取样法和目标取样法研究分析了元者分布区内普氏原羚(Procapraprzewalskii) 的求偶交配行为, 分析了放牧活动对普氏原羚求偶、交配行为的影响。我们共记录到28 种发情、求偶及交配行为。雄性普氏原羚的求偶、交配过程分为4 个阶段。第一阶段为雄羚对雌羚的试探接近阶段。雌羚对雄羚的试探行为有两种反应: 雌羚走开拒绝雄羚的求偶; 或者雌羚叉开后腿静立并不停摆尾以示接受雄羚,有时雌羚还会主动靠近雄羚。如果雌羚接受雄羚的求偶, 雄羚便会进入求偶表演的第二阶段: 雄羚开始以直立、直立行走或碎步移动的方式靠近雌羚。第三个阶段是爬胯、交配阶段。雄羚的插入、射精过程在很短时间(约1-2 s) 内完成。最后一个阶段是交配后雄羚对配偶的看守阶段。普氏原羚交配制度为求偶场交配制度, 交配模式为无锁结、多次插入、无抽动、多次射精, 分别属于Dewsbury和Dixson交配行为模式分类系统的第13 种类型和第14种类型。人类放牧对普氏原羚繁殖行为具有明显的影响。在本研究中共记录了1 009 次爬胯行为, 这些爬胯行为多发生在家畜到达求偶场以前与家畜离开求偶场后30min 。Breeding behaviour,which links wih populaion dynamics,plays an imporan role in conservaion and susainable use of wildlife. We observed courship and maing behaviors in Przewalski ’s gazelle Procapra przewalskii in he Yuanzhe area near he Qinghai Lake on he easern par of he Qinghai-ibean Plaeau from December,2003 o January,2004 wih a combinaion of “all-animal sampling”,“focal-animal sampling” and “all-occurrence sampling” mehods. Alogeher,we recorded 32 breeding behaviors in he Przewalski ’s gazelle. he courship and maing procedure in Przewalski ’s gazelle can be divided ino four phases.Firsly,he approaching sage,and female response o he males ’ approach and sniff in wo ways:ry o ge away or sand wih hind-legs apar,waggling is ail. If he female runs away from he approaching male,maing aempscease; if he female does no ry o ge away from he male ’s breeding erriory,hen he male coninues he second sage:courship performance. he male sands on his hind-legs and walks oward he female. If he courship performance in he second sage appeared wihou disurbance from herdsmen or livesock,he male would sar he hird sage:maing. he male sars o moun and o copulae he female while he female sood sill,he ejaculaion only lass for 1-2 second. he las phase is mae ending phase:frequenly,he male will end he female for 30 min afer maing. Our sudy shows he male Przewalski ’s gazelle possess a new copulaory paern in ungulaes wih no lock,single inromission,non-hrusing and muliple ejaculaions. he paern belongs o No.13 and No.14 in Dewsbury ’s and Dixson ’s sysem for classifying copulaory paerns,respecively. Livesock and herdsmen in he sudy area had significan impacs on he breeding behavior in Przewalski ’s gazelle. We recorded 1 009 copulaory aemps,only 85 succeeded. Mos of he copulaions in he gazelle ook place before he livesock reached or lef he lek of Przewalski ’s gazelle. We recorded 21 mae guardings in Przewalski ’s gazelle,averagely mae guarding lased abou 30 minues.

关 键 词：普氏原羚 求偶行为 交配行为 发情行为 求偶场 配偶守护 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]