蚜虫枝孢菌对3种蚜虫的毒力测定  

VIRULENCE OF ENTOMOPHAGOUS FUNFUS, CLADOSPORIUM APHIDIS AGAINST 3 APHID SPECIES

作　　者：桂富荣[1] 李正跃[1] 陈斌[1] 吴华英[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第2期184-187,共4页Journal of Southwest Agricultural University

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金项目(2001C0017Q);云南省科技重点攻关资助项目(2001NG57)

摘　　要：在室内测定了蚜虫枝孢菌(Cladosporiumaphidis)对甘蓝蚜(Brevicorynebrassicae)、桃蚜(Myzuspersicae)和茄无网蚜(Acyrthosiphonsolani)的毒力,结果表明,该菌对上述3种蚜虫均有较强的毒力, 1. 0×108 个孢子/mL浓度下在接种后第8d的累积死亡率均达到了80%以上。接种后的前3d为蚜虫枝孢菌的潜伏期,第4~7d是对蚜虫的致死高峰期。蚜虫枝孢菌对3种蚜虫的致死剂量是时间的函数,接种后随着时间的延续,剂量效应逐渐增强,LD50和LD90渐次减小;随接种浓度的增加,时间效应也相应增强,孢子浓度1. 0×105~8个孢子/mL范围内,甘蓝蚜、桃蚜和茄无网蚜的LT50估计值范围分别为7. 5~4. 7, 7. 7~5. 1和7. 4~4. 9。温度的高低影响蚜虫枝孢菌的毒力,在20 ~26℃范围内随温度的升高毒力增强, 26℃以后则毒力随温度升高而下降。24~26℃是蚜虫枝孢菌侵染的最佳温度。Virulence of the entomophagous fungus Cladosporium aphidis against cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), green peach aphid (Myzus percicae) and potato aphid (Acyrthosiphon solani) was determined in laboratory. C. aphidis was shown to be highly virulent to various aphids and a cumulative mo9rtality of over 80% was observed 8 days after inoculation with the dosage of 1.0 × 10~8 spores/mL. C. aphidis had a latent period of approximately 3 days in the aphids and the aphids died within 4 to 7 days gradually after inoculation. The LD_(50) and LD_(90) values decreased 5 ~ 8 days gradually after inoculation. With the dosage of 1.0 × 10^(5-8) spores/mL, the LD_(50) ranged from 7.5 to 4.7, from 7.7 to 5.1 and from 7.4 to 4.9 days for B. brassicae, M. percicae and A. solani, respectively. Temperature had significant influence of the virulence of C. aphidis. Within the range of 20~26℃, its virulence increased with temperature. With a temperature higher than 26℃, its virulence dropped with an increase in temperature. The optimum temperature for its invasion was 24~26℃.

关 键 词：蚜虫枝孢菌 甘蓝蚜 桃蚜 茄无网蚜 毒力 

分 类 号：S476.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]