列车鼠蟑兼灭热烟雾剂的研究  

Studies on a New Type of Rodent-Roachicidal Thermal Fog Shuchongjing in Trains

作　　者：董天义[1] 崔旺财 胡渠[1] 张佐栋 肇兴邦 任意 常江 李凡 施应坤[1] 杨襄泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所,沈阳铁路局中心卫生防疫站,军事医学科学院实验仪器厂

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》1994年第4期251-256,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：本文报道具有鼠、蟑兼灭性能的新型热烟雾剂鼠虫净的毒效及其残留物的安全性试验结果：①施烟空间密闭作用３０ｍｉｎ，对小白鼠的ＬＣ５０及其９５％置信限为１．０（１．４～１．９）ｍｌａ·ｉ／ｍ３，回归方程为Ｙ＝３．６＋６．５ｘ；对大白鼠和德国小蠊的毒性均比小白鼠大得多。②将鼠料放入试验空间，喷入对小白鼠全致死剂量药液密闭作用４０ｍｉｎ，通风排烟１ｈ后取出鼠料，给１６只正常小白鼠连续吃１５ｄ，所有试鼠无任何不适反应。③将５只恒河猴放入排烟１ｈ后的施烟空间连续３ｄ。之后移到饲养房再观察１５ｄ，定期测定生理指标（体温、呼吸、心率）、血液学指标（ＲＢＣ、ＷＢＣ、Ｈｂ、ＰＬＴ）和血液生化指标（ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ、ＡＬＰ、ＣｈＥ、ＢＵＮ、Ｃｒｅａ），测得数据与暴露前的正常值相比，除ＣｈＥ外差别均无显著性；ＣｈＥ活性在暴露后第１ｄ受到抑制，第３ｄ抑制开始缓解，第６ｄ其活性基本恢复到正常水平。④通过两种途径考核鼠虫净防制列车鼠类和蟑螂的效果，共试验６７辆车厢，分属于广州、柳州、北京和沈阳４个铁路局。结果人工放置靶子动物试验，７１０只德国小蠊全死亡；３０８只鼠的毒杀率为９５．５％；客车本身害鼠平均杀灭率７８．５％，害蟑平均杀灭率９８．５?The efficacies and residual toxicities of shuchungjing, a novel rodent-roackicidal thermal fog, were tested both in laboratory and in field. (1)The LC50(by breathing) of Mus musculus, which were exposed to a closed fogged room for 30 minutes, was 1.6 (1.4～1.9)ml a.i/m3,with a regrassion equation y=3.6+6.5x. Rattus norvegicus and Blattella germanica showeda more greater sensitivity to the thermal fog than M. musculusdid.No significant residual toxicities were found in a test with Macaca mulatta placed in a room from which the fog had been discharged for one hour.(2) The field trials,involved 7 trains composed of 67 carriages belonging to 4 railway offices,proved that after the fog treatments for 3) minutes the densities of rodents and roaches were declined by 78.5% and 98.5%, respectively, and the pre-set target animals including 710 B. germanica, 6 R.norvegicus, and the 62 of 64 M. musculus were killed.

关 键 词：鼠蟑兼灭 热烟雾剂 毒性 药效 

分 类 号：R979.8[医药卫生—药品]