我国矿山开采的生态环境效应及土地复垦典型技术  

Eco-environmental Effects of Mining and Related Land Reclamation Technologies in China

作　　者：彭建[1] 蒋一军[2] 吴健生[1] 刘松[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院,北京100871 [2]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872 [3]国土资源部土地整理中心,北京100035

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2005年第2期38-48,共11页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究项目(G2000046807);国家自然科学基金重点项目(90102018)。

摘　　要：矿产资源开发已成为我国国民经济增长的重要手段,但矿山开采又引发了一系列生态环境问题,导致矿区生态退化与环境污染,严重制约了矿区社会经济的可持续发展。本文系统分析了矿山开采的生态环境效应,并根据典型矿区土地复垦的成功经验,总结了适合我国矿区土地复垦的典型技术,包括剥离-采矿-复垦一体化工程技术,矿区废弃物综合利用技术,大气污染治理技术,地表整形工程技术,土壤重金属污染治理技术,土壤培肥改良技术,植被恢复技术,水土流失综合治理技术等。Today, mining has become an important means of social production and economic development. But mining also results in a series of eco-environmental problems, leading to ecological degradation and environmental pollution in mining area and restricting regional sustainable development. In the paper, the eco-environmental effects are systematical analyzed. And based on successful experiences of land reclamation in typical mining areas, land reclamation technologies are summarized, including technology of integrating operation of mining and land reclamation, technology of reutilization of mining castoff, technology of air pollution prevention, technology of transfiguration engineering, technology of soil metal pollution prevention, technology of soil cultivation and improvement, technology of vegetation restoration, and technology of water and soil conservation.

关 键 词：矿区土地复垦 生态环境效应 典型技术 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]