ph1b，ph2a，ph2b基因在普通小麦与T．timopheevii杂交中的作用及应用前景  

THE EFFECT OF ph1b,ph2a AND ph2b GENES ON THE HYBRIDS BETWEEN COMMON WHEAT AND T.TIMOPHEEVII AND THE APPLICATION PROSPECT

作　　者：韩敬花[1] 樊路[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1994年第5期22-26,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：首次利用ｐｈ１ｂ，ｐｈ２ａ，ｐｈ２ｂ３个突变体及中国春分别与Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ进行了杂交，对其杂种Ｆ１花粉母细胞减数分裂中期１染色体配对观察表明，３个基因都能诱导普通小麦与Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ部分同源或远的同源染色体的配对，其作用顺序是ｐｈ１ｂ＞ｐｈ２ａ＞ｐｈ２ｂ。其中ｐｈ１ｂ基因可以诱导普通小麦与Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉＧ染色体组间的部分同源染色体配对。在笔者所研究的Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ中不存在ｐｈ１（ｐｈ１－ｌｉｋｅ）和ｐｈ２（ｐｈ２－ｌｉｋｅ）基因。由于这３个突变体与Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ杂种Ｆ１用中国春回交都获得了成功，第一次证明了利用ｐｈ１ｂ、ｐｈ２ａ从Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ中“直接遗传转移”有益基因到普通小麦的可能性。特别利用ｐｈ１ｂ基因可以从Ｔ．ｔｉｍｏｐｈｅｅｖｉｉ染色体组中“直接遗传转移”有益基因到普通小麦中。The three mutants ph1b,ph2a,ph2b and Chinese Spring(as a control) were utilized to cross with T.timopheevii.The chromosome paring configurations of PMCs of hybrids F1 plants were observed at metaphaseⅠof meiosis.The results indicate that the ph1b and ph2 genes can induce the pairing of homoeologous chromosomes and distant homoeologous between common wheat and T.timopheevii.The order is ph1b>ph2a>ph2b on inducing chromosome pairing.The ph1b gene can induce the homoeologous chromosomes pairing between ABD genome of common wheat and G genome of T.timopheevii.There are no ph1(ph1-like)and Ph2(Ph2-like) in the T.timopheevii studied.The possibility of transferring the desirable genes from T.timopheevii to common wheat was illustrated by using three genes. Especially, the application of ph1b gene in the hybridization can transfer the desirable desirable gene from G genome of T.timopheevii to the common wheat.

关 键 词：小麦 普通小麦 PH基因 同源 染色体配对 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]