冰核细菌对棉铃虫结冰温度影响的研究  

THE EFFECTS OF INA BACTERIA ON THE FREEZING TEMPERATURE OF CONTTON BOLLWORM

作　　者：朱红[1] 孙福在[1] 张永祥[1] 王文来[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1994年第6期23-27,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：以棉铃虫为对象，采取喷雾和喂食两种接种方法，研究了冰核细菌对昆虫的结冰温度的影响。结果表明：两种方法接种的冰核细菌均能明显提高棉铃虫的结冰温度，但不同接种方法间存在差异。喷雾接种的虫体结冰温度比对照高５．１４－１０．７９℃，接种１天后就将结冰温度提高５．９０℃，在棉铃虫化蛹后还能将结冰温度提高７．７１℃。喂食接种虫体接种两天后才与对照的结冰温度之间出现明显的差异，能将结冰温度提高２．２５－４．５６℃，化蛹后仅能将结冰温度提高０．９３℃。试验证明，冰核细菌能在昆虫体上起到异源冰核的作用，从而提高虫体的结冰温度。为探索一条利用生物冰核降低越冬害虫的过冷却能力，诱发虫体在较高温度下发生结冰，破坏细胞组织，造成虫体死亡，以此来提高越冬害虫的死亡率，压低来年虫源，减轻危害的促冻杀虫新途径提供了科学依据。The influence of INA bacteria on the freezing temperature of cotton bollworm(Hliothis armigera Hubner)inoculated with spraying or feeding was tested.The result showed that freezing temperature of the insects could be raised by INA bacteria inoculated with the two methods obviously, but there was difference between the two inoculation methods.The freezing temperature of the insects sprayed with INA bacteria was 5.14-10.79℃ higher than that of control,and 5.90℃ higher than that of control one day after inoculation. The bacteria also caused the freezing temperature of pupae, treated in larval stage, to raise 7.71℃.The freezing temperature of the insects by feeding INA bacteria showed obvious difference two days after inoculation, and the temperature was 2.25-4.56℃ higher than that of control,but the temperature was just 0.93℃ higher than that of control after pupation.It was indicated that INA bacteria could work as a heterogeneous ice nucleus on the insect bodies, so it could decrease the supercooling capacity, thus raising the freezing temperature so as to reduce the cold-hardiness ability of the insects. The possibility of using INA bacteria in the pest damage controlling as a new insecticide in the way of freezing-incitement killing to reduce the population of overwintering insects so as to reduce the population of next year was evaluated.

关 键 词：冰核细菌 抗寒性 过冷却 棉铃虫 结冰温度 

分 类 号：S435.622.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]