抗烟粉虱大豆种质资源筛选和抗性机制初探  

Screening of Soybean Germplasm Resistant to Whitefly and the Resistant Mechanism

作　　者：徐冉[1] 张礼凤[1] 王彩洁[1] 王金龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2005年第1期56-58,62,共4页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关项目(2004BA525B06)

摘　　要：烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)近年来发生日益猖獗、危害日趋严重,防治比较困难,却未被列为主要经济害虫。筛选抗性种质和选育抗性品种是防治烟粉虱的有效措施。本研究对223份大豆种质资源进行了抗烟粉虱鉴定,筛选出滑皮豆等6份抗性较强的种质资源。调查了这223份种质资源的茸毛性状,测定了部分抗感烟粉虱品种的籽粒蛋白质和脂肪含量。结果表明,大豆品种对烟粉虱的抗性与叶片的茸毛性状有密切关系,无茸毛型抗性最强,茸毛紧贴型次之,茸毛直立型较差,茸毛斜立型抗性最差。大豆受烟粉虱危害程度与籽粒蛋白质和脂肪含量有密切关系,蛋白质含量越高受害越严重,脂肪含量越高受害越轻。根据鉴定结果,本研究提出了单叶平均感染烟粉虱0头为免疫,0.1-3.0头为高抗,3.1-10.0头为中抗,10.1-20.0头为中感,20头以上为高感的抗性鉴定标准。Whitefly(Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)is one kind of serious soybean pests worldwide. Selection of resistant soybean cultivars is the most effective measure to control whitefly. However, there are not soybean cul-tivars resistant to whitefly now. Therefore, there is a need for evaluation of resistance of soybean germplasm to whitefly. Thus, this research was conducted with the objective of screening of soybean germplasm resistant to whitefly and understanding the resistant mechanism. Totally 223 cultivars were planted arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications at Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crops Institute in 2004. The number of nymph in 2-4 instars of whitefly on every leaves of five plants and the pubescence growth shape were observed. Seed protein contents and fat contents of some resistant and susceptible cultivars were measured. The results showed that whitefly resistance of soybean germplasm was different. The number of nymph ranged from 0.4 to 80.0 per leave. Six cultivars, Huapidou, Dongxuan1, Hedou12, Langziwei, Henghe, and He7308 were resistant to the nymph of whitefly. The resistance to whitefly nymph was correlated with the pubescence growth shape of soybean cultivars. The order of whitefly resistance (from strong to weak) was germplasm with null, grovel, erect and acclivous pubescence. The damage of whitefly was correlated with seed protein content and seed fat content. The numbers of nymph rapidly increased with the seed protein contents' increase, but rapidly decreased with the seed fat contents' increase. According to the results, the resistance criterion based on nymph number per leave (NNPL) was suggested. That was immune as NNPL was 0, 0.1 - 3.0 highly resistant, 3.1-10.0 resistant, 10.1-20.0 susceptible, over 20.0 highly susceptible.

关 键 词：烟粉虱 抗性机制 资源筛选 籽粒蛋白质 种质资源 脂肪含量 茸毛性状 蛋白质含量 有效措施 抗性品种 抗性种质 大豆品种 危害程度 鉴定结果 鉴定标准 直立型 防治 害虫 选育 免疫 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]