海南大田保护区内赤麂的种群数量和特征  

Population Size and Characteristics of Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) at Hainan Datian National Nature Reserve

作　　者：滕丽微[1,2] 刘振生[1,3,4] 宋延龄[1] 曾治高[1] 李善元[5] 林贤梅[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]华东师范大学生命科学学院 [4]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [5]海南大田国家级自然保护区

出　　处：《兽类学报》2005年第2期138-142,共5页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 170 166)

摘　　要：20 0 1年10月至2 0 0 2年9月在海南大田国家级自然保护区采用直接观察和在不同生境类型分层抽样进行网捕的方法研究了保护区内赤麂种群的数量、年龄结构、群体大小和组成等。结果显示,赤麂主要生活在落叶季雨林和有刺灌丛中,种群数量为716 13±4 7 6 2只,种群密度为5 4 5±3 6只/km2 。该种群的年龄结构呈倒三角形,成体最多,占6 2 5 0 % ,亚成体占2 8 85 % ,幼体最少,占9 6 2 %。成年个体的雌雄性比是1 32∶1 0 0 ,亚成体为1 5 0∶1 0 0 ,幼体是1 5 0∶1 0 0。群平均大小为1 32只,其中独居个体最多,占总观察次数的6 8 31% ;2只群次之,占31 15 % ;3只群最少,占0 5 5 % ;Living trapping methods were used to census population size of Indian muntjac(Muntiacus muntjak)during July 2002 in Hainan Datian National Nature Reserve which is 1 314 ha in size and is enclosed by iron wires. A total of 60 trapping sites of 3.33 ha each were randomly selected in the four habitat types according to their proportion in the Reserve. The sample size is 197.10 ha, about 15% of the study area. Age and sex were determined for each captured animal. A total of 109 muntjacs were trapped, whereas 4 of them escaped before their ages and sexes had been determined. Over 80% of the captures occurred in deciduous monsoon forest and thorn shrub, the rest were from grassland and artificial wood. A population estimation of 716.13±47.62 indicated to us that the population density was as high as 54.50±3.6/km^(2). Among the captured animals, most of them were adults (62.50%), sub-adults were a little over one quarter (28.85%), juveniles were less than a tenth (9.62%).The ratio of males to females was 1.32 to 1.00 for adults, and 1.50 to 1.00 for both sub-adults and juveniles. Information on group size and composition were presented based on 706 observations from October 2001 to September 2002. Solitary animals were located 375 times (68.31%), groups of 2 deer accounted for nearly one-third (31.15%), groups with 3 animals were only observed 3 times. No groups formed by more than 3 muntjacs were recorded. No seasonal difference in group size was detected during this study(t = 1.596, P > 0.05).

关 键 词：种群数量 赤麂 海南大田国家级自然保护区 2002年9月 特征 年龄结构 2001年 分层抽样 生境类型 直接观察 群体大小 种群密度 雌雄性比 亚成体 季雨林 三角形 幼体 个体 

分 类 号：Q959.838[生物学—动物学] Q959.842