瘤胃保护氨基酸和脂肪酸对奶牛瘤胃发酵、产乳量、乳成分和血液成分的影响  

Effects of Rumen Protected Fatty Acids and Amino Acids on Rumen Fermentation,Blood Components, Milk Production and Composition in Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：吐日根白乙拉 双金[1] 敖日格乐[1] 神田修平[2] 板桥久雄 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科技学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]东京农工大学农学部,东京都府中市3581838509

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2005年第5期453-458,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

摘　　要：选用8头经产荷斯坦泌乳牛分为对照和试验2 组(n=4),以1 期为2 周、共3 期的二乘反转法,研究了瘤胃保护氨基酸和脂肪酸添加物(RPLMF)对奶牛瘤胃发酵、产奶量、乳成分和血液成分的影响。对照组牛饲喂由苏丹草青干草(20%)、苜蓿草块(20%)、意大利黑麦草青贮(17%)和混合精料(43%)组成的典型日粮。试验组牛饲喂上述日粮外,每天另添加160 g/d RPLMF。RPLMF 中主要含有脂肪酸60%、赖氨酸8%、蛋氨酸4%、其他28%。结果表明,RPLMF的添加对瘤胃发酵无明显的影响。2组血浆尿素氮、总游离氨基酸和必需氨基酸浓度以及赖氨酸和蛋氨酸浓度间均无明显差异(P>0.1),而试验组血浆葡萄糖浓度有下降趋势(P<0.1)和组氨酸浓度显著下降(P<0.05)。试验组与对照组比较,干物质采食量无明显差异,分别为20.2和20.4 kg/d;产乳量和4%的标准乳量分别为24.2、22.3和25.6、24.1 kg/d,试验组分别增加了1.4 kg/d和1.8 kg/d(P<0.1);乳脂率有增加趋势(P<0.1),而其他乳成分无显著变化;乳脂肪、乳蛋白质和无脂固形物分别增加9.5%(80 g/d,P<0.05)、6.9%(50 g/d,P<0.1)和6.4%(130 g/d,P<0.1);乳脂脂肪酸组成中C18∶0 比例显著提高(P<0.05)。另外,RPLMF添加后饲料蛋白质向乳蛋白质的转化效率从23.9%提高到25 3%。Eight lactating Holstein dairy cows were divided into two groups (n=4) and used in a double reversal trial with three periods of 14 days each, to evaluate the effects of rumen protected fatty acids and amino acids(Lys and Met) blend(RPLMF) on rumen fermentation, blood metabolism, milk production and composition. The control group cows were fed normal diet, which contained 57% roughage (20% Sudan grass hay, 20% cubed alfalfa hay, 17% Italian rygrass silage ) and 43% concentrate mixture. The experimental group cows were fed 160 g/d RPLMF in addition to normal feed. The RPLMF mainly contains 60%fatty acids, 8% Lys, 4% Met, and 28% others. Rumen fermentation was not affected by the addition of RPLMF. There were no significant differences for the concentration of urea nitrogen, total free amino acid, total essential free amino acid, Lys and Met in blood plasma between the two groups (P>0.1). The concentration of glucose in blood plasma tended to decrease (P<0.1), and concentration of His in blood plasma significantly decreased (P<0.05) with cows fed RPLMF. Dry matter intake was similar between the two groups. Yields of milk and 4% FCM production were 25.6 kg/d and 24.1 kg/d in the experimental group respectively; of that were 24.2 kg/d and 22.3 kg/d in the control group respectively, and compared with the control group, they increased by 1.4 kg/d (5.8%) and 1.8 kg/d (8.1%) respectively (P<0.1). The percentage of milk fat tended to increase (P<0.1) for cows fed RPLMF, but percentages of other milk components did not show significant differences between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the quantity of milk fat, increased by 9.5% (80 g/d, P<0.05), and that of milk protein and SNF increased by 6.9% (50 g/d, P<0.1) and 6.4% (130 g/d P<0.1) respectively, and ratio of C18∶0 in milk fat significantly increased (P<0.05) for cows fed RPLMF. The efficiency of conversion of feed protein to milk protein was increased from 23.9% to 25.3% by the addition of RPLMF. When dairy cows in mid lactation was fed

关 键 词：瘤胃发酵 瘤胃保护 血液成分 乳成分 产乳量 荷斯坦泌乳牛 意大利黑麦草 干物质采食量 限制性氨基酸 乳蛋白质 血浆尿素氮 游离氨基酸 葡萄糖浓度 脂肪酸组成 饲料蛋白质 试验组 酸浓度 苜蓿草块 混合精料 转化效率 奶牛日粮 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S823.91[农业科学—畜牧兽医]